Express the following in florins, cents, and milsE. (1) 14s. 6d. ; (2) 8s. 6d. ; (3) 5s. 6d. ; (4) 7s. 6d. ; (5) 19s. 6d.; (6) 16s. 9d.; (7) 13s. 9d.; (8) 7s. 41d.; (9) 15s. 10d.; (10) 9s. 71d.; (11)· 8s. 1od.; (12) 11s. 8d.; (13) 15s. 7d.; (14) 3s. 4d.; (15) 17s. 5 d. MISCELLANEOUS EXAMPLES. Example 1.-If 10585 of a ton cost £5'93125, how much will 19:43 of a cwt. cost? 10585 ton: 19:43 cwt. :: £5'93125: cost req. Example 2.-Find the cost of 8 tons 13 cwt. 2 qrs. 24 lbs. at £13 15s. 91d. per ton. cwt. qrs. lbs. = £13 15s. 91d. = £13'78958(+). ton cwt. qrs. lbs. IO O 0 of 1 ton £13.78958 = cost of 1 £119'77232= = £119 15s. 51d. Example 3.-Find the cost of 398 yards at £1 17s. 10d. per yard. •68947 = O I O 09849= O 16 O O O 8 S. d. = £753 7125 = £753 14s. 3d. EXERCISE 43. A. (1) Find the value of '04 of £1 5s. (2) Convert of a florin and of half-a-crown into decimals of £5. (3) Reduce 1d. to the decimal of a florin, and find the value of 25 of 3s. 6d. (4) Reduce (of 2'45-1‰ of '02) ÷ 1000 to a decimal. (5) Multiply £360 7 fl. 4 c. 3 m. by 230. (6) Divide £176 19s. 1d. by 23-(i) by com. pound division, (ii) by decimals, and show that the results agree. (7) Divide £45 3 fl. 3 c. 3 m. by £36 5s. (8) Divide 005868 by 036, and arrange the divisor, dividend, and quotient in order of magnitude. (9) Multiply '0021 by 48 026. (10) Multiply 142857 by 63 80 B. (1) Find the value of (5 of 118- of II '02)÷0'I. (2) Divide 1028'5 by '0000017, and 33 by '0006, and multiply the difference of the quotients by '00025. (3) Find the value of 34+6754+*35+8·548 correct to 6 places of decimals. (4) Reduce of % of £1 to a decimal of of of £30. (5) Express of 17s. 6d. +125 of 6s. -527 of 13s. 9d. as a decimal of £5. (6) Find the value of 3+2+47 +18 both by vulgar fractions and by decimals, and show that the results coincide. (7) Find the value of (3.71-1908) × 7'03. (8) Find the value of 375 of a guinea; and reduce 4s. 74d. to the decimal of '01 of £1. (9) Find the value of 3 of a guinea+£·125+ 2083s.+5d.; and bring 10 weeks 3 days to the decimal of a year. (10) Add together £1675, 13125s., and 11.25d., and convert the result into the decimal of £25. C. (1) Add together 16.75 yards, 13125 feet, and 11.25 inches, and convert the result to the decimal of a mile. (2) Add together 2.095 hours, 07 days, and 05 week, and express the sum as the decimal of 365 25 days. (3) Find the value of 03125 of £20+729 of 6s. 2d. +729 of £2 15. 3d. (4) Add 275 of a bushel to 725 of a quarter, and find the value at 6s. 8d. per bushel. (5) A man's weekly wages are £2 1 fl. 2c. 5 m., on which he pays an income-tax of 5 cents in the pound; find his net yearly income, and express the result in pounds, shillings, and pence. (6) If I ounce cost 4583s., what is the value of 0015625 of a ton? (7) If a rupee be worth 2s. 4d., what decimal is it of 9s. 4d.? Express £6944 in rupees and decimal parts of a rupee. (8) A bankrupt's effects were worth £4265, and his estate paid three dividends of 2 fl. 5 c., I fl. 1 C. 8 m., and 2 fl. 9 m. in the pound respectively; what was the whole loss sustained by his creditors? (9) Find by decimals the cost of :—(1) 753 yds. at 1 13s. 21d. per yd. ; (2) 9 cwt. 2 qrs. 24 lbs. at £5 12s. 6d. per cwt. (10) From a rod 143 ins. long portions are cut off each equal to 0023 of an inch long; find how many such portions can be cut off, and what will be the length of the remainder? CHAPTER XII. THE METRIC SYSTEM OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 158. The metric system of weights and measures, which was first introduced by the French towards the close of the last century, has now been adopted by most of the Continental states of Europe. It is not yet introduced into England, though its permissive use was legalised by an Act of Parliament passed in 1864, but it is not unlikely that further action will ere long be taken by the Legislature, with a view to its complete adoption. 159. This system takes its name from the metre, or unit of length, which is the ten-millionth part of the distance from the pole to the equator, and from which all the other measures and weights are derived. 160. The several denominations of the metric weights and measures are connected by a uniform decimal scale, the tens, hundreds, thousands, and ten-thousands of the scale being denoted by the Greek words deka, hecto, kilo, myria; whilst the tenths, hundredths, and thousandths are denoted by the Latin words deci, centi, milli. 161. These Greek and Latin numerals are called prefixes, being prefixed or placed before the principal units of the several weights and measures, to express their multiples and divisors. 162. The following is a table of the metric prefixes, with their equivalent decimal values : |