200. There is a screw, whose threads are of an inch asunder; if it be turned by a lever 10 feet long, what weight will be balanced by 120 pounds power? Ans. 362057 lbs. 201. There is a machine, in which the power moves over 10 feet, while the weight is raised 1 inch; what is the power of that machine, that is, what is the ratio of the weight to the power? Ans. 120. 202. A man put 20 apples into a wine gallon measure, which was afterwards filled by pour ing in 1 quart of water; required the contents of the apples in cubic inches. Ans. 1734 inches. 203. A rough stone was put into a vessel, whose capacity was 14 wine quarts, which was afterwards filled with 24 quarts of water; what was the cubic content of the stone? Ans. 664 inches. FORMS OF NOTES, BONDS, RECEIPTS, AND ORDERS. 1. No note is negotiable, unless the words "or order," otherwise "or bearer," be inserted in it. 2. If the note be written to pay him "or order," (No. 1.) then Oliver Bountiful may endorse this note, that is, write his name on the backside, and sell it to A, B, C, or whom he pleases. Then A, who buys the note, calls on William Trusty for payment, and if he neglects, or is unable to pay, A may recover it of the endorser. that time is an injury to him. The law, therefore, to do him justice, allows him interest from the time the money becomes due, as a compensation for the injury. 8. Upon the same principle, a note payable on demand, without any mention made of interest,is on interest after a demand of payment, for upon demand such notes immediately be come due. 9. If a note be given for a specific article, as rye, payable in one, two, or three months, or in any certain time, and the signer of such note suffers the time to elapse without delivering such article, the holder of the note will not be obliged to take the article afterwards, but may demand and recover the value of it in money. Know all men by these presents, that I, C. D. of, &c., in the county of, &c., am held and firmly bound to E. F., of, &c., in two hundred dollars, to be paid to the said E. F., or his certain attorney, his executors, administrators, or assigns, to which payment, well and truly to be made, I bind myself, my heirs, executors and administrators, firmly by these presents. Sealed with my seal. Dated the eleventh day of, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and two. The Condition of this obligation is such, that, if the above-bound C. D., his heirs, executors, or administrators, do and shall well and truly pay, or cause to be paid, unto the above-named E. F., his executors, adminis 3. If a note be written to pay him "or bear-trators, or assigns, the full sum of two huner," (No. II.) then any person, who holds the note, may sue and recover the same of Peter Pencil. 4. The rate of interest, established by law, being six per cent. per annum, it becomes unnecessary, in writing notes, to mention the rate of interest; it is sufficient to write them for the payment of such a sum, with interest, for it will be understood legal interest, which is six per cent. 5. All notes are either payable on demand, or at the expiration of a certain term of time agreed upon by the parties, and mentioned in the note, as three months, a year, &c. 6. If a bond or note mention no time of payment, it is always on demand, whether the words "on demand" be expressed or not. 7. All notes, payable at a certain time, are on interest as soon as they become due, though in such notes there be no mention made of interest. This rule is founded on the principle, that every man ought to receive his money when due, and that the non-payment of it at dred dollars, with legal interest for the same, on or before the eleventh day of next ensuing the date hereof,-then this obligation to be void, or otherwise to remain in full force and virtue. Signed, &c. A Condition of a Counter Bond, or Bond of Indemnity, where one man becomes bound for another. The condition of this obligation is such, that whereas the above named A. B. at the special instance and request, and for the only proper debt of the above-bound C.D., together with the said C.D., is, and by one bond or obligation bearing equal date with the obligation above-written, held and firmly bound unto E. F., of, &c., in the penal sum of-dollars,conditioned for the payment of the sum of, &c., with legal interest for the same, on the day of next ensuing the date of the said in part recited obligation, as in and by the said in part recited bond, with the condition thereunder written, may more Person. Salem, Ang. 10, 1827. Received from P. C. one hundred dollars, for account of J. B. ELI TRUMAN. fully appear;-if, therefore, the said C. D. Receipt for Money received for another his heirs, executors, or administrators, do and shall well and truly pay, or cause to be paid, unto the said E. F., his executors, administra tors, or assigns, the said sum of, &c., with legal interest of the same, on the said -day of, &c., next ensuing the date of the said in part recited obligation, according to the true Intent and meaning, and in full discharge and Batisfaction of the said in part recited bond or obligation, then, &c.,-otherwise, &c. Receipt for Interest due on a Note. Amherst, July 6, 1827. Received of I. S. thirty dollars, in full of one year's interest of $500, due to me on the day of last, on note from the said SOLOMON GRAY. I. S. Receipt for Money paid before it becomes due. Note. The principal difference between a note and a bond is, that the latter is an instrument of more solemnity, being given under seal. Also, a note may be controled by a Received of T. Z. ninety dollars, advanced special agreement, different from the note, in full for one year's rent of my farm, leased whereas, in case of a bond, no special agree-to the said T. Z., ending the first day of April ment can in the least control what appears to next, 1828. HONESTUS JAMES. have been the intention of the parties, as expressed by the words in the condition of the bond. RECEIPTS. Sitgrieves, Sept. 19, 1802. Received from Mr. Durance Adley ten dollars in full of all accounts. ORVAND CONSTANCE. Sitgrieves, Sept. 19, 1802. Note. There is a distinction between receipts given in full of all accounts, and others in full of all demands. The former cut off accounts only; the latter cut off not only ac counts, but all obligations and right of action ORDERS. Archdale, Sept. 9, 1802. Mr. Stephen Burgess.-For value received, pay to A. B., or order, ten dollars, and place Received of Mr. Orvand Constance five dol-the same to my account. lars in full of all accounts. SAMUEL SKINNER. Pittsburgh, Sept. 9, 1821. Mr. James Robottom.-Please to deliver Mr. L. D. such goods as he may call for, not exceeding the sum of twenty-five dollars, and place the same to the account of your humble servant, NICHOLAS REUBENS. BOOK-KEEPING. It is necessary that every man should have some regular, nuiform method of keeping his accounts. What this method shall be, the law does not prescribe; but, in cases of dispute, it requires that the book, or that on which the charges were originally made, be produced in open court, when he will be required to answer the following questions: Is this your book, and the method in which you keep your accounts? Did you make the charges, now in dispute, at the time they purport to have been made ? Are they just and true? Have you received pay for them, or any part? If so, how much? An answer in the affirmative, under oath, to the above questions, (the last only excepted,) is all that is required to substantiate his claim. For farmers and mechanics, the following method will be found both convenient and easy. It consists in having one single book, entering the name of the person with whom an account is to be opened at the top of the left hand page, Dr., and at the top of the right hand page, Cr., as follows: |