GENERAL LITERATURE

Funk and Wagnalls New Standard Dictionary of the English Language. ... Prepared by more than three hundred and eighty Specialists and other Scholars under the Supervision of ISAAC K. FUNK, D.D., LL.D., Editor-in-Chief, CALVIN THOMAS, LL.D., Consulting Editor, FRANK H. VIZETELLY, Litt.D., LL.D., Managing Editor. Also a Standard History of the World. Complete in one Volume Xxxviii+2916 pp. New York and London: Funk & Wagnalls Company. 1913. 4°. Full morocco, $30.

The Standard Dictionary has long held its place with the best of the modern encyclopaedic dictionaries, both as to the matter included and as to the treatment of this matter. This new edition is claimed to be "a new creation from cover to cover". This, of course, is rather euphemistic,—eufemistic, the Dictionary would prefer us to write. Its definition of eufemism is: "A figure of speech by which a word or phrase more agreeable or less offensive is substituted for one more accurately expressive of what is meant." This edition is a full revision of that of 1894, with many new terms and much additional matter under old terms. It records and defines over 450,000 terms, has over 3,000 pages and more than 7,000 illustrations. It includes in one alphabet the names of persons and places with the usual matter of a dictionary. This is distinctly desirable. In arriving at its contents 513,000 terms were critically examined and 63,000 of these rejected "as dead, obsolescent, of little or no value, and too rare or specific for a dictionary". There are about 65,000 proper names. The succinct historical statements in connection with the names of places are admirable. The full dates of historical events of importance are given in connection with the places with which they are associated. To indicate pronunciation two keys are used. Each word is respelled first in the Revised Scientific (or National Education Association) Alphabet, and second in what is commonly called the "Text-book Key". This use of the two keys is considered necessary during the period of transition from the second or old key to the new. The publishers, being warm advocates of "simplified" spelling have not neglected the opportunity of furthering the interests of this "reform". The simplified form is given the preference. Thus the word fizzle, given first, is defined under fizl; abuse under abuze. This is not true of surprize, which is defined under surprise. When a word is both a noun and a verb the rule of giving the verb first seems to have been strictly followed; but in the case of such a word as horse, it does not seem the proper order, since the noun must have been long in use before it began to be used as a verb. In the matter of definitions the most common meanings are given first. This sensible plan is based on the fact that "the average man (speaking in a general way) goes to a dictionary to find one or more of three things about a word, (1) Its correct spelling; (2) its correct pronunciation; (3) its most common present meaning”. The number of illustrative quotations given, 32,000, is large for a one-volume dictionary, and these were selected from 2,000,000 sub

mitted. And this is an illustration of the extraordinary amount of labor bestowed upon the Dictionary. At the end of the volume there are a list of disputed pronunciations, a list of foreign words and phrases, the population of towns, cities, etc., and the chief world events for each day of the year in order of the calendar. The mechanical features of the work are excellent. A two volume edition will meet the wishes of those who do not care to handle so large a book. On the whole it may be said that at the present time the New Standard is the most comprehensive and satisfactory of the larger English dictionaries. The propriety of including in it certain spellings preferred by a small number of English speaking people may be questioned. There are, properly speaking, that is from a dictionary standpoint, no such words in the English language as fizl, muzl, puzl, and the like. Princeton.

JOSEPH H. DULLES.

Series xxxi Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science under the Direction of the Department of History, Political Economy, and Political Science. No. 1. The Land System in Maryland 1720-1765. By CLARENCE P. GOULD, Ph.D., Michael O. Fisher Professor of History in the University of Wooster. Pamph.; pp. xii, 106. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press. 1913. Also No. 2. The Government of American Trade Unions. By THEODORE W. GLOCKER, Ph.D., Professor of Economics and Sociology in the University of Tennessee. Pamph.; pp. vii, 242. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press. 1913.

These two scholarly and exhaustive treatises would seem to be well up to the high standard set by the others of these series several of which have been favorably noticed in this Review.

Princeton.

WILLIAM BRENTON GREENE, Jr.

PERIODICAL LITERATURE

American Journal of Theology, Chicago, October: HENRY P. SMITH, Charles Augustus Briggs; W. W. FENN, Modern Liberalism; CHARLES J. BUSHNELL, Place of Religion in Modern Life; SHIRLEY J. CASE, Problem of Christianity's Essence; ERNEST D. BURTON, Spirit, Soul, and Flesh in Greek Writers from Homer to Aristotle; EDGAR J. GOODSPEED, The Freer Gospels; ROBINSON SMITH, Fresh Light on the Synoptic Problem.

Bibliotheca Sacra, Oberlin, October: RAYMOND L. BRIDGMAN, A Bureau of National Assistance; JACOB THE SON OF AARON, The Book of Enlightenment; W. ST. CLAIR TISDALL, New Solution of an Old Problem; J. J. LIAS, Genuineness of the Second Epistle of St. Peter; ALLISON E. DRAKE, Some Evidences of Aryo-Semitic Kinship; A. NOORDIZIJ, Old Testament Revelation of God and the Ancient Oriental Life; JAMES M. GRAY, Awakening of American Protestantism; HAROLD M. WIENER, Studies in Septuagintal Texts of Leviticus.

Church Quarterly Review, London, October: VISCOUNT WOLMER, Church and Parliament; ARTHUR CHANDLER, Saint Teresa; F. W. PULLER, Grace of Orders and Apostolic Succession; ELIZABETH WORDSWORTH, Jane Austen; MAURICE F. JONES, Language of the New Testament; J. G. SIMPSON, Presbyterian Reunion in Scotland; G. C. BOSANQUET, Christianity as a Gospel; H. F. HAMILTON, Canadian Unity Proposals.

Constructive Quarterly, New York, December: LEONCE DE GRANDMAISON, Witness of the Spirit; CHARLES E. JEFFERSON, The Church and World Brotherhood; PERCY DEARMER, Love in the Churches; JAMES LINDSAY, Protestantism and Catholicism: Two Methods even More than Two Religions; JAMES R. MACDONALD, Religion and the Labour Movement; T. A. FINLAY, Brotherhood Through Business; ERNST VON DOBSCHÜTZ, The Gospel and Ascetism; HUGH R. MACKINTOSH, Heart of the Gospel and the Preacher; MICHAIL KROSS NOGEON, Religious Freedom in Russia; ARTHUR J. BROWN, High Church Anglicans and American Presbyterians in Shantung University; EDWYN BEVAN, Invocation of the Saints; CHARLES JOHNSTON, Paul and Philo; WALTER LOCK, An English Mystic.

East & West, London, October: ARTHUR HIRTZEL, Imperial Christianity; ALAN G. S. GIBSON, Christianity among the Bantu in South Africa; FRANK LENWOOD, Revenges of Caste upon the Christian Church in India; STANLEY P. SMITH, Chinese Philosophy and the Truth as it is in Christ Jesus; LESLIE JOHNSTON, Supply of Missionaries-the Apostolic Way; CHARLES HALDON, Judson, of Burma.

Expositor, London, October: W. SANDAY, Text of the Apostolic Decrees; G. BUCHANAN GRAY, Forms of Hebrew Poetry. 5. Varieties of Rhythm; ALBERT SCHWEITZER, The Sanity of the "Eschatological" Jesus; F. R. TENNANT, Aim and Scope of Philosophy of Religion; T. R. GLOVER, Teaching of Jesus upon Sin as Shown in the First Three Gospels; ALLAN MENZIES, Integrity of 2 Corinthians; T. W. Crafer, Stoning of St. Paul at Lystra and the Epistle to the Galatians. The Same, November: B. D. EERD MANS, Primitive Religious Thought in the Old Testament; JOHN MURPHY, Psychology of Religious Development and Experience; ALEX SOUTER, Pastoral Epistles, Timothy I and II; SCHWEITZER, The Sanity of the "Eschatological" Jesus; J. RENDEL HARRIS, Some Notes on the History of the Syriac New Testament; F. C. CONYBEARE, Stoning of St. Stephen; W. A. Curtis, The Altar of Unhewn Stone. The Same, December: JOHANNES DAHSE, Reply to Principal Skinner; ARTHUR CARR, Patience of Job; ADAM C. WELCH, Present Position of Old Testament Criticism; G. BUCHANAN GRAY, Forms of Hebrew Poetry. 6. Bearing of Certain Critical Theories on Criticism and Interpretation; SCHWEITZER, Sanity of "Eschatological" Jesus.

Expository Times, Edinburgh, November: J. RENDEL HARRIS, The So-Called Biblical Greek; Louis H. GRAY, New Testament Fragments from Turkestan; B. B. WARFIELD, The Importunate Widow and the Alleged Failure of Faith; WILLIAM HAMILTON, Many Mansions for God. The Same, December: J. ARTHUR THOMSON, Biological Control

of Life; F. H. WOODS, Revision of the Prayer-Book Psalter; T. G. PINCHES, Ancestor Worship and the Deification of Babylonian Kings; B. B. WARFIELD, The Importunate Widow and the Alleged Failure of Faith.

Harvard Theological Review, Cambridge, October: KARL BORNHAUSEN, Study Religion, Theology, and the Churches of United States; CHARLES W. ELIOT, Churches and the Prevailing Social Sentiment; PRESERVED SMITH, Luther's Development of Doctrine of Justification by Faith Only; LUCIUS H. MILLER, Teaching of Ernst Troeltsch of Heidelberg; HERBERT A. YouTZ, Peril of a Safe Theology; WILLIAM M. SALTER, An Introductory Word on Nietzsche; KEMPER FULLERTON, The Book of Isaiah: Critical Problems and a New Commentary.

Hibbert Journal, Boston, October: THEODORE ROOSEVELT, The Progressive Party; FRANCIS YOUNGHUSBAND, Some Laymen's Needs; FREDERICK POLLOCK, The Relation of Mystic Experience to Philosophy; PRINGLE-PATTISON, "The Free Man's Worship"; ERNEST HAMILTON, Immortality and Competition; CHARLES E. OZANNE, Significance of "Non-Evidential Material" in Psychical Research; CECIL REDDIE, "The Public Schools and the Empire"; E. H. JONES, Evolution of the Social Conscience towards Crime and Industrialism; F. W. LEITH Ross, International Morality; H. H. WENDT, Historical Trustworthiness of the Book of Acts; G. W. WADE, Miracles and Christianity; JOHN ERSKINE, The Moral Obligation to be Intelligent.

Hindustan Review, Allahabad, November: BISHAN N. DAR, Indian Progress and Anglo-Indian Opinion. II; P. C. GHOSH, European Intercourse with India during the Middle Ages; The Anti-Bengali Crusade; H. N. MAITRA, Rabindra Nath Tagore; J. N. SEN, History of the Portuguese Oppression in Bengal; K. L. L. Oza, A Short View of Great Questions; R. N. SINHA, Siva Sankar Sahay.

International Journal of Ethics, Philadelphia, October: G. F. BarBOUR, Christian Ethics and the Ideal of Nationality; H. S. SHELTON, Hegelian Concept of the State and Modern Individualism; HORACE M. KALLEN, Art, Philosophy, and Life; N. C. MUKERJI, Martineau on the Object and Mode of Moral Judgment; Proceedings of the Conference on Legal and Social Philosophy.

Interpreter, London, October: CANON KENNETT, Some Principles of Interpretation; G. W. WADE, The Resurrection in the Gospels and in St. Paul; CANON FOAKES-JACKSON, Literary Appreciation of the History of Israel; W. K. L. CLARKE, A Trinity of Evil; L. W. GRENSTED, Pain and Personality; R. W. BALLEINE, St. Paul in Arabia; A. T. CADOUX, Forgiveness, Human and Divine; C. H. W. JOHNS, Orientalia.

Irish Theological Quarterly, Dublin, October: HUGH POPE, Where Are We in Pentateuchal Criticism? THOMAS GOGARTY, Dawn of the Reformation II; FRANCIS E. GIGOT, Virgin Birth in St. Luke's Gospel; J. B. O'CONNELL, Idealism; FRANCIS ROLA, Modern Mysticism; LAURENTIUS JANSSENS, Commissio Pontifica de re Biblica.

Jewish Quarterly Review, Philadelphia, October: FRANK I. SCHECHTER, Rightlessness of Medieval English Jewry: B. HALPER, Scansion

of Medieval Hebrew Potery; MAX RADIN, A Charter of Privileges of the Jews in Ancona of the Year 1535; NAHUM SLOUSCH, Representative Government among the Hebrews and Phoenicians.

Jewish Review, London, November: The Blood Accusation in Russia; Emancipation of the Roumanian Jew; Palestine and Panama; ISRAEL COHEN, General Survey of Modern Jewry; M. SIMON, Nachman Krochmal; HERBERT BENTWICH, Jewish Mission and the Hebrew University; ISAIAH RAFFALOVICH, Legal Devices.

Journal of Biblical Literature, Boston, September: PAUL HAUPT, Cuneiform Name of the Second Adar; FREDERICK A. VANDERBURGH, Babylonian Name of Palestine; J. DYNELEY PRINCE, Ichabod; M. G. KYLE, The Hyksos at Heliopolis; WALDO S. PRATT, Studies in the Diction of the Psalter II; HENRY A. SANDERS, Latin Prologues of John; B. W. BACON, Genealogies of Jesus.

Journal of Theological Studies, London, October: C. Boutflower, Isaiah 21 in the Light of Assyrian History; J. PINKERTON, Origin and Early History of the Syriac Pentateuch; W. EMERY BARNES, New Edition of Pentateuch in Syriac; E. A. ABBOTT AND R. H. CONNOLLY. Original Language of the Odes of Solomon; W. K. L. CLARKE, First Epistle of Peter and the Odes of Solomon; C. H. TURNER, Primitive Edition of Apostolic Constitutions and Canons: an Early List of Apostles and Disciples; J. C. WEST, Order of 1 and 2 Thessalonians; E. G. KING, Some Notes on Text of Job; G. H. WHITAKER, Words of Agrippa to St. Paul.

London Quarterly Review, London, October: GEORGE G. FINDLAY, Methodist Missionary Centenary; SAINT NIHAL SINGH, Egypt's Impending Fate; H. MALDWYN HUGHES, The Evangelical Succession; W. ERNEST TOMLINSON, Cavour and his Times; F. W. ORDE WARD, Christ: The World's Failure and the World's Foundation; J. A. FINDLAY, A Protestant of the Second Century; FERRAND E. CORLEY, The Poverty of God.

Lutheran Quarterly, Gettysburg, October: ABDEL R. WENTZ, Significant Parallels between Church History and Political History of the United States; DAVID H. BAUSLIN, Impracticable Ideals in Church Unity; ELSIE S. LEWARS, Lutheran Institutions in the Battle of Gettysburg and its Anniversary; HAROLD HEISEY, Psychological Study of Religion; J. L. NEVE, Thoughts on Spinoza and his System; J. C. JACOBY, Confessional Principles of the Lutheran Church; V. G. A. TRESSLER, What Shall We Do with the Philosophy of Rudolph Fucken? C. W. HEATHCOTE, The Papacy since 1870.

Methodist Review, New York, November-December: W. I. HAVEN, Bishop Willard F. Mallalieu; THOS. S. DONOHUGH, "Mass Movements" in India; A. J. BUCHER, History and Present Condition of Church Singing; JAMES MUDGE, George Fox and the Quakers; PHILIP L. FRICK, Pragmatism and Haeckel's Denials; CHARLOTTE F. Wilder, Ancient Worthies-Christopher North; A. W. HEWITT, Steeples among the Hills.

Methodist Review Quarterly, Nashville, October: WILLIAM A. BROWN, Theological Leadership; HAROLD BEGBIE, A New Time-Spirit;