2. What is the value of 679 of a shilling?
3. What is the value of 9999£?
4. What is the value of 617 of a Cwt.?

Ans. 8.148d.

or £1.

Ans. 19s. 113d.

Ans. 2qrs. 13lb. 1oz. 10 dr.

5. What is the value of ·8593 of a lb. Troy?

6. What is the value of 7. What is the value of

Ans. 10oz. 6pwt. 5gr.

397 of a yard?
8469 of a degree?

Ans. 1qr. 2.352u.

Ans. 58m. 6fur. 35po. Oft. 11io.

8. What is the value of ·569 of a year?

Ans. 207da. 16ho. 26m. 24sec.

9. What is the value of 713 of a day? Ans. 17h. 6m. 43sec.

CASE V.

To find the value of any decimal of a pound by inspection.

RULE.*

Double the first figure, or place of tenths, for shillings, and if the second figure be 5, or more than 5, reckon another shilling; then, after the 5 is deducted, call the figures in the second and third places so many farthings, abating 1 when they are above 12, and 2 when above 36, and the result will be the answer.

Note. When the Decimal has but 2 figures, if any thing remain after the shillings are taken out, a cypher must be annexed to the right hand, or supposed to be so.

EXAMPLES.

1. Find the value of 876£ by inspection.

is.

16s.

And
Deduct

double of 8.

for the 5 in the second place, which is to be taken 6 d. 26 farthings remain to be added.

d. for the excess of 12.

17s. 6d. the Ans.

[out of

10d. 40 farthings, a 0 being annexed to the remaining 4.

d. for the excess of 36.

9s. 94d. the Answer.

3. Find the value of 097£ by Inspection.

Ans. 1. 11d.

4. Value the following decimals by Inspection, and find their sum, viz. 785£ + ·537£ + ·916£ + ·74£ + ·5£ + ·25€ + 09£008£. Ans. £3 16s. 6d.

As this rule is the reverse of the rule, Case III, the reason is apparent from the demonstration of that rule.

DECIMAL TABLES OF COIN, WEIGHT, AND MEASURE.

166666 AVOIRDUPOIS Wt.

Farth's. Decimals.j

To find the value of goods in Federal Money.-Multiply the price and quantity together; point off in the product, for denominations lower than dollars, as many places as there are in the given price; or, if there be decimal places in the quantity also, according to the rule for multiplication of decimals. This is really multiplication of decimals, the dollar being considered the unit.

EXAMPLES.

1. Find the cost of 823 yards, at $1.29c. a yard.

823X$1.29c. $1061.67c, Ans. 2. Find the value of 56yds. 2qrs. at $3.11c. per yard. 56 yds. 2qrs. 56:5; and 56.5×3·11=$175.71c. 5m. Ans. 3. What must I pay for 6lyds. at $5.50c. per yard

Ans. $33.68c. 7m. 5. 4. Bought yds. at 34 cents per yard: what did I pay for the whole? Ans. $2.621c.

COMPOUND MULTIPLICATION*

And as

IS extremely useful in finding the value of Goods, &c. in Compound Addition, we carry from the lowest denomination to the next higher, so we begin and carry in Compound Multiplication: One general rule being to multiply the price by the quantity. The reason of the following rules is obvious.

CASE I.

When the quantity does not exceed 12 yards, pounds, &c: Set down the price of 1, and place the quantity underneath the least denomination, for the multiplier, and, in multiplying by it, observe the same rules for carrying from one denomination to another as in Compound Addition.

In the last example, I say, 9 times 1 is 9 farthings=21d. I set down and carry 2, saying, 9 times 8 is 72, and 2 1 carry makes 74 pence, 6s. 2d. 1 set down 2 in the pence and carry 6; then, 9 times 7 (the unit figure in the shillings) is 63, and 6 I carry is 69,

• The product of a number, confifting of several parts or denominations, by auy fimple number whatever, will be expreffed by taking the product of that fimple number, and each part by itself, as fo many diftinct questions: Thus £33 158. ed. multiplied by ǝ, will be 165 75s. 45d.=(by taking the fhillings from the pence, and the pounds from the thillings, and placing them in the fhillings and pounds refpectively,) £168 18s. 9d. and this will be true when the multiplicand is any compound number whatever.

I set down 9 under the unit figure of the shillings, and carry 6, saying, 9 times 1 is 9, and 6 I carry is 15, then I halve 15, which is 7 and 1 over, which I set in the ten's place in the shillings, and that, with the 9, makes 19 shillings; then I carry the 7 as pounds: Lastly, 9 times 4 is 36, and 7 I carry, are 43 pounds: I set down 3 and carry 4, saying, 9 times 1 is 9, and 4 I carry makes 13, which I set down, and the product is £133 198. 2jd.

PRACTICAL QUESTIONS.

Note. The facility of reckoning in the Federal Money compared with pounds, shillings, &c. may be seen from the examples in this and the following cases; where the same questions are given in both the currencies, as near as can be, avoiding small fractions.

In the following examples in this and the succeeding cases, the price in pounds, or shillings, &c. is in the currency of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Maryland, where the dollar is 7s. 6d. in the last example in each case; in the last example but one, the price is in the currency of New York and North Carolina, where the dollar is 8s. ; and in the other examples, in the currency of New England, where the dollar is 6s. Thus in the 3d example, the price, 9s. 10d. in the currency of New York, &c. is equal to 122c. 9m.; and in example 4th, the price 13s. 71d.=181c. 7m. 1. What will 9 yards of cloth at 5s. 4d.

Multiplied by

83c. 9m.

}

per yard, come to ? 88c. 9m.

9

$8.00 1

}

£2 69.

per yard

Ans. £2

2. 3 yards at

($1 81c. 7m.

CASE II.

$1 22c. 9m.

138. 74d.

=

$16 35c. 3m.

When the multiplier, that is, the quantity, is above 12: You must multiply by two such numbers, as, when multiplied together, will produce the given quantity.

Produces 2 1 6 price of 12 yards. 23056
Multiplied by