transferable, and is available only for the day and hour specified. In all applications for admission the names and addresses of the persons wishing to be admitted, or of some one of them, are to be stated, and the party must not exceed six.

Mint (The) in SOUTHWARK, a sanctuary for insolvent debtors, and a harbour for thieves, prostitutes, and lawless persons of all descriptions, not effectually suppressed till the reign of George I., and then only after the perpetration of many intolerable outrages. There are three statutes against it; 8 and 9 Will. III., c. 27; 9 Geo. I., c. 29; and II Geo. I., c. 22.

The Mint generally so taken is very large, containing several streets and alleys; in this tract of ground called the Mint, stood the Duke of Suffolk's house. The chief street in the Mint [Mint Street] is so called, being that which gives an entrance into it out of Blackman Street; it is long and narrow, running into Lombart Street, thence into Suffolk Street, and so into George Street.-Strype, B. iv. p. 31.

Almost directly over-against St. George's Church, was sometime a large and most sumptuous house, built by Charles Brandon late Duke of Suffolk, in the reign of Henry VIII., which was called Suffolk House, but coming afterwards into the King's hands, the same was called Southwarke Place, and a Mint of Coinage was there kept for the King.-Stow, p. 153.

A large number of coins were discovered in a field in 1833, and among these 468 pennies were found.

At the accession of King George I. he [Rowe] was made Poet Laureate; I am afraid by the ejection of poor Nahum Tate who [Dec. 6, 1718] died in the Mint, where he was forced to seek shelter by extreme poverty.-Johnson's Life of Rowe.

If want provoked, or madness made them print,

I wag'd no war with Bedlam or the Mint.-POPE.

The great topic of his [Pope's] ridicule is poverty; the crimes with which he reproaches his antagonists are their debts, their habitation in the Mint, and their want of a dinner.-Johnson's Life of Pope.

Young indulged much in the same vein

Clubs credit for Geneva in the Mint.-Young, Satire iv.

Such writers have we! all but sense they print

Ev'n George's praise is dated from the Mint.-Young to Pope. Trapes. The act for destroying the Mint was a severe cut upon our business— 'Till then if a customer stept out of the way—we knew where to have her.-Gay, The Beggar's Opera.

John Tutchin, of the Bloody Assizes ("Flagrant from the stroke"), died here in great distress in 1707. Mat of the Mint is one of Macheath's gang in Gay's Beggar's Opera. Marriages were performed here, as at the Fleet, the Savoy, and May Fair. Clearances have been made at different times, and in 1887 the whole place was cleared.

Mitre Court Buildings, TEMPLE, from Mitre Court to King's Bench Walk. Charles Lamb went to live at No. 16 in 1800.

You

I live at No. 16 Mitre Court Buildings, a pistol shot off Baron Maseres. must introduce me to the Baron. I think we should suit one another mainly. He lives on the ground floor for convenience of the gout; I prefer the attic storey for the air. . . . N.B.-When you come to see me, mount up to the top of the stairs. I hope you are not asthmatical—and come in flannel for it's pure airey up there. And bring your glass, and I will show you the Surrey Hills. My bed faces the river, so as by perking up upon my haunches, and supporting my carcase with my elbows, without much wrying my neck I can see the white sails glide by the bottom of the King's Bench Walks as I lie in my bed.-Lamb to Manning, p. 51.

Here, too, at the same, time lived Rickman, the friend of Southey.

This Rickman lives in our Buildings, immediately opposite our house; the finest fellow to drop in o' nights . . . himself hugely literate thoroughly penetrates into the ridiculous wherever found, understands the first time.-Lamb to Manning, November 3, 1800.

Here in 1806 began the Wednesday Evenings.

Mitre Tavern, in CHEAP, is mentioned in the vestry books of St. Michael's, Cheapside, before 1475.1 It was the same with the Mitre in Bread Street; Gifford 2 supposes that it was 'not improbably the corner house." But more probably, like other taverns in the Cheap, it lay back from the main thoroughfare, and was approached by a passage; another passage affording an entrance from Bread Street.

Robin. Faith, Harrie, the head drawer at the Miter by the Great Conduite called me vp, and we went to breakfast into St. Anne's Lane.—Sir Thomas More, a Play (temp. Queen Eliz.), p. 17.

Пford. How ill it will stand with the flourish of your reputations when men of rank and note communicate that I, Frank Ilford, was inforced from the Mitre in Bread Street to the Counter in the Poultry.-The Miseries of Inforced Marriage, 4to, 1607.

The Miter in Cheape, and then the Bull Head,
And many like places that make noses read.

Newes from Bartholomew Fayre.

Goldstone (the Cheating Gallant). Where sup we gallants?

Pursenet. Name the place, master Goldstone.

Goldstone. Why the Mitre, in my mind, for neat attendance, diligent boys, and -push, excels it far.

All. Agreed. The Mitre then.

Your Five Gallants, by T. Middleton, 4to [1608 ?]. Again, in his A Mad World My Masters, Middleton makes Sir Bounteous exclaim, "Why, this will be a tru feast, a right Mitre supper!" The Mitre was destroyed in the Great Fire and not rebuilt.

Mitre Tavern, FENCHURCH STREET. [See Fenchurch Street.]

Mitre Tavern, MITRE COURT, FLEET STREET, over against Fetter Lane, the Mitre of Dr. Johnson and James Boswell, where Johnson used to drink his bottle of port and keep late hours.

1 Wilkinson's Londina Illustrata.

2 Gifford's Ben Jonson, vol. ii. p. 182.

It must not, however, be confounded with the earlier "Mitre in Fleet Street," of Shakespeare's and Ben Jonson's days, the house in which is said to have been written From the Fair Lavinian Shore. Shakespeare's Rime made by him at the Mytre in Fleete Streete. That was farther west; after it ceased to be a tavern it served many purposes. It was lastly Saunders's auction room, number 39, but was demolished by Messrs. Hoares.to enlarge their banking house, and the western portion now occupies the ground." 1

Puntarvolo. Carlo shall bespeak supper at the Mitre, against we come back; where we will meet, and dimple our cheeks with laughter at the success. — - Ben Jonson, Every Man out of his Humour, Act iv. Sc. 6.

Throat. Meet me straight

At the Mitre door in Fleet Street; away:

To get rich wives men must not use delay.

Ram Alley, or Merrie Tricks, a Comedy, 4to, 1611.

In the year 1640 I met Dr. Percivall Willoughby of Derby; we were of old acquaintance, and he but by great chance lately come to town; we went to the Mitre Tavern in Fleet Street, where I sent for old Will Poole the astrologer, living then in Ram Alley.-Lilly's Life, ed. 1721, p. 35.

January 20, 1659-1660.-At the Mitre in Fleet Street, in our way calling on Mr. Fage, who told me how the City have some hopes of Monk.—Pepys.

Johnson's Mitre, in Mitre Court, was originally Joe's Coffee-house. The present name was adopted after the old Mitre was closed. Here some of the raciest of Johnson's sayings were uttered, and some of the brightest scenes in Boswell occurred. It was here that Johnson said to Ogilvie, in reply to his observation that Scotland had a great many noble prospects: "I believe, sir, you have a great many; Norway, too, has noble wild prospects, and Lapland is remarkable for prodigious noble wild prospects; but, sir, let me tell you, the noblest prospect which a Scotchman ever sees, is the high road that leads him to England." Here, strangely enough, if Johnson had remembered the saying, the tour to the Hebrides was first started; and here, at their old rendezvous, as Boswell calls it, Goldsmith often supped with Johnson and Boswell. Here Johnson entertained "young Col." when in London. In Johnson's time the landlord's name was Cole.2 Succeeding landlords were far from insensible to the fame which Boswell has bestowed upon the house, and Johnson's warm corner, distinguished by a cast from Nollekens's bust of the great moralist, was proudly pointed out to inquiring strangers. But the accommodation becoming unsuited to altered habits the Mitre was closed in 1865. Passing into new hands the following year, it was "altered and improved," and a new diningroom built (Finch, Hill, and Paraire, architects), and made to look brighter and more cheerful-but no longer Johnson's and Boswell's Mitre.

Johnson .. agreed to meet me in the evening at the Mitre. I called on him, and he went thither at nine. We had a good supper, and port wine, of which he then sometimes drank a bottle. The orthodox high church sound of the MITRE

1 Burn's Tradesmen's Tokens, p. 64.

2 Boswell, by Croker, p. 308.

MONKWELL, MOGWELL, OR MUGWELL STREET 553

-the figure and manner of the celebrated SAMUEL JOHNSON the extraordinary power and precision of his conversation, and the pride arising from finding myself admitted as his companion, produced a variety of sensations, and a pleasing elevation of mind beyond what I had ever experienced.-Boswell, by Croker, p. 136. The Fellows of the Royal Society held their anniversary dinner at the Mitre in 1772, and afterwards at the Crown and Anchor until 1848, when they removed to Freemasons' Tavern.1 The Society of Antiquaries also had their dinners or meetings here.

Some Antiquarians, grave and loyal,
Incorporate by Charter Royal,

Last winter on a Thursday night were

Met in full senate at the Mitre.-CAWthorne.

It was to the Mitre that Hogarth invited his friend Mr. King to Eta Beta Py.2 Sarah Malcolm (painted by Hogarth) was executed opposite Mitre Court, Fleet Street, March 7, 1733, for murdering Mrs. Lydia Duncombe, Elizabeth Harrison, and Ann Price. On this occasion the crowd was so great that "a Mrs. Strangways who lived in Fleet Street, near Serjeants' Inn, crossed the street from her own house to Mrs. Coulthurst's on the opposite side of the way, over the heads and shoulders of the mob." 3

Mitre Tavern in ST. JAMES'S MARKET. Farquhar found Miss Nanny, afterwards Mrs. Oldfield, the actress, rehearsing the part of the Scornful Lady behind the bar of her aunt Mrs. Voss's tavern, the Mitre in St. James's Market.

Mitre Tavern in WOOD STREET, was kept in Charles II.'s time by William Proctor. He died insolvent in 1665. The tavern was destroyed in the Great Fire of the year following.

September 18, 1660.—To the Miter tavern in Wood Street (a house of the greatest note in London). . . . Here some of us fell to handicap, a sport that I never knew before, which was very good.-Pepys.

July 31, 1665.-Proctor the Vintner of the Miter in Wood Street, and his son, are dead this morning there of the plague; he having laid out abundance of money there, and was the greatest vintner for some time in London for great entertainments. -Pepys.

Molton Street, South. [See South Molton Street.]

Monkwell, Mogwell, or Mugwell Street, CRIPPLEGATE, runs from Silver Street, Falcon Square, to Hart Street, London Wall.

So called of a well at the north end thereof, where the Abbot of Garendon had a house or cell, called St. James's in the Wall, by Cripplegate, and certain monks of their house were the chaplains there, wherefore the wall (belonging to that cell or hermitage) was called Monks' Well, and the street of the well Monkswell Street.Stow, p. 112, and see p. 118.

This is a little fiction of the old antiquary's. It was called Mogwelle or Mugwell Street in the 13th and 14th Street is a corruption of much later date.

1 Weld, History of the Royal Society, vol. ii. p. 137. 2 See title-page, Nichols's Anecdotes.

centuries, and Monkwell In Windsor Court, in this Nichols's Hogarth, 1783, p. 172, note. 4 Riley, Memorials, vol. xix.

554 MONKWELL, MOGWELL, OR MUGWELL STREET

street, so called after Windsor Place, the residence of William, second Lord Windsor (d. 1558), stood the Presbyterian Chapel of Thomas Doolittle, the ejected minister of St. Alphage, London Wall, and the last survivor of the ejected ministers of London. It adjoined Mr. Doolittle's dwelling-house, and was the first Nonconformist place of worship in London erected after the Great Fire in 1666. It is described as "well adapted for concealment, being situated in a court which was entered by a gateway, the building not being visible from the street." It was also the first place of worship opened by the Nonconformists after the royal indulgence. [See Barber-Surgeons' Hall; Lambe's Chapel.]

Monmouth House. [See Monmouth Street; Soho Square.]

Monmouth Street, ST. GILES'S, afterwards called DUDLEY STREET, runs from High Street and Broad Street to Grafton Street. It was named Monmouth Street, it is said, after James, Duke of Monmouth, the natural son of Charles II., whose town house stood on the south side of Soho Square in this neighbourhood; but an examination of the parish papers and registers of St. Giles-in-the-Fields leads to the belief that it was called after Carey, Earl of Monmouth, who died in 1661. The father (the historian of his own life), who died in 1626, and his son, the second and last earl, who died in 1661, were distinguished parishioners of St. Giles-in-the-Fields. Monmouth Street was noted throughout the 18th century for the sale of secondhand clothes, and several of the shops continued to be occupied by Jew dealers in left-off apparel. The west side of the street is now a portion of Shaftesbury Avenue. [See Dudley Street.] In Defoe's Life and Adventures of Duncan Campbell (1720), a footman is described "in a very gentlemanly dress, hired for the purpose of a disguise from Monmouth Street."

Ever since I knew the world, Irish patents have been hung out to sale, like the laced and embroidered coats in Monmouth Street, and bought up by the same sort of people.-Lady Mary Wortley Montagu to the Countess of Bute (Works, by Lord Wharncliffe, vol. iii. p. 185).

This looks, friend Dick, as Nature had

But exercis'd the Salesman's trade;

As if she haply had sat down,

And cut our clothes for all the town;

Then sent them out to Monmouth Street

To try what persons they would fit.-Prior's Alma.
Thames Street gives cheeses, Covent Garden fruits,
Moorfields old books, and Monmouth Street old suits.

Poets make characters as salesmen clothes,
We take no measure of your Fops and Beaus;
But here all sizes and all shapes we meet,

And fit yourselves like chaps in Monmouth Street.

Gay's Trivia.

Prologue to the Three Hours (Swift's and Pope's Miscellanies, vol. iv. p. 178).