sire (sir), a father.

Si'ren (si'rĕn), one of the

three

fabled sea nymphs, whose singing lured mariners to destruction.

site (sit), situation.

Skar holm (skär hōm), p. 174. skep'ti-cism (skěp'ti-siz'm), doubt or uncertainty.

skirt (skûrt), surround.

skulk (skulk), hide sneakingly. slack (slak), loosen; not pressing. sledge (slěj), a sleigh.

Sleepy Hollow, a locality in Tarrytown, New York.

slip (slip), an inclined plane on which a vessel is built.

sloth (sloth), slowness.

smack (småk), small coasting vessel. smelt (smělt), melt ore so as to separate and refine metal.

sol'ace (sol'âs), comfort in grief. 80-lic'i-tude (sô-lis'i-tud), concern. Sol'i-dor (sŏl'i-dôr), a fortress on the Rance river.

so-lil′o-quy (số-lil′ô-kwi), a talking

to one's self.

sol'stice (sol'stis), point in the earth's orbit at which the sun is farthest from the equator; winter solstice at about December 22, summer solstice about June 21. Sol'way (sol' wā), an arm of the Irish Sea between England and Scotland, noted for the rapidity of its tides. som'bre (som'ber), sad.

som-bre' ro (som-bra'rō), broadbrimmed hat worn in Spain and Spanish America.

30-no'rous (sô-nô’rus), loud-sounding.

four

soph'o-more (sof'ô-mor), one belonging to the second of the classes in an American college.

sor'did (sôr'did), base.

sore-be-stead' (sōr-bê-stěd'),

put in great peril.

being

South'ey, Robert (south 'i), (17741843), an English poet of the Lake School. He was made poet-laureate in 1813.

sov'er-eign (sov'er-in), monarch. spa'cious (spā'shŭs), vast in extent. Span'ish Main, the name formerly given to the southern part of the Carribean Sea and the adjoining coast, covering the route of the Spanish treasure ships.

spar (spär), round timber used on a mast.

Spar'tan (spär'tăn), an inhabitant of Sparta; one of great endurance.

spawn (spôn), bring forth. species (spe' shēz), a kind. spe'cious (spē'shus), showy.

spec'ta-cle (spěk'tå-k'l), something exhibited to view.

spec'tre (spěk'ter), ghost.

spher'ule (sfer'ool), a little sphere. spi'ral (spi'rǎl), winding like the thread of a screw.

pro

spon-ta'ne-ous (spon-ta'nê-us), ceeding from a natural feeling, not forced.

spouse (spouz), husband or wife. sprite (sprit), fairy.

spume-flakes (spum), flakes of froth or foam.

spur (spûr), a pricking implement

fastened to a rider's heel.

spurn (spûrn), scorn.

squad'ron (skwŏd'rŭn), a detachment of war vessels under command of a flag-officer.

squall (skwôl),

sudden and violent

gust of wind. stag'nate (stǎg'nāt), cease to flow, become dull.

stal'wart (stôl' wert), brave, strong. stal'worth (stôl' wûrth), brave, strong. stan' chion (stăn'shun), bar for confining cattle in a stall.

star' board (stär'bōrd), side of a vessel on the right hand of one on board facing the bow.

staunch (stánch),, stop the flow of. stem'son (stěm sun), a piece of

curved timber bolted to the stem in a ship's frame.

ster'ile (stěr'il), barren. ster'ling (stûr'ling), genuine.

stern (stûrn), after end of a vessel. stern'son-knee (stûrn'sun-ne), the continuation of a vessel's keelson to

which the stern-post is secured by bolts. stir'rup (stir'up), a ring for sup porting a horseman's foot.

sto'ic (sto'ik), one who appears to

be indifferent to pleasure or pain. Stony Point, a fort on the west bank of the Hudson, captured by the British in 1779 and retaken by the American forces under Anthony Wayne.

sto'ried (stō'rid), having an inter. esting history.

strained (strand), forced.

stren'u-ous (stren'û-us), earnest; active, vigorous.

stur' geon (stûr'jun),

a large fish

common on the coasts and in large rivers and lakes.

Suar'ven (swär'věn), p. 174. sub-al' tern

(sub-ôl'tern), an officer of inferior position, usually below the rank of a captain.

sub'ju-ga' tion (sub'joo-ga shun), the act of conquering or subduing. sub-lime' (sub-lim), majestic. sub-mis'sion (sub-mish'un), a yield. ing to power or authority.

sub-ser' vi-ence (sub-sûr 'vi-ĕns),

the

state of being subordinate; yielding. sub-side' (sub-sid'), cease from action, be calm.

sub-sid'i-a-ry (sub-sid'i-â-ri), assisting. sub-sist' ence (sub-sis'těns), means of support. sub-stan'tial firm.

(sub-stǎn'shǎl), real;

Bub'tile (sub'til; sut''), difficult of understanding.

sub'urb (sub'ürb), an outlying part of a city.

sub-vert (sub-vürt'), overthrow. suc'tion (suk'shun), a sucking in. sue (su), seek after; plead.

suf'fer-ance (suf'er-ǎns), endurance. suf-fuse' (su-fus'), overspread. Su'li-ote (soo'li-ot). Note, p. 84. sul'try (sul'tri), very hot and moist. sum'mons (sum'unz), call by

au

thority to appear at a place named. Sum'ter (sum'ter), an illustrious family of South Carolina. Thomas Sumter was a Revolutionary general. sun'der (sun'der), sever.

Su'ni-um (sūʼnĭ-ŭm), an ancient city on a promontory in southeastern Greece. It contains the white marble ruins of a temple to Athene, a famous landmark from the sea. su-perb (su-pûrb'), magnificent. su per-flui-ty (su per-floo/ i-ti), a greater quantity than is wanted. su’per-in-human (sử’pẽr-in-hū măn), attended with cruelty to a very great degree.

a

su-per’nal (su-pur’năl), being in higher place; heavenly. super-nat u-ral (sū'per-nătû-rǎl), being beyond the powers or law of

swarth'y (swor'thi), being of a dark hue or dusky complexion.

swath (swôth; swoth), whole sweep of a scythe or machine.

sweep (swep), a pole swinging on a tall post, to raise and lower a bucket for drawing water.

swoon (swoon), faint.

syl’van (sil’văn), forestlike; rustic. symbol (sim bol), emblem. sym'me-try (sim'ê-tri), due proportion of several parts of a body to each other; beauty and balance of form. symp'tom (simp'tum). sign; token. syn'a-gogue (sin'å-gog), Jewish congregation or place for worship.

for a time only.

lasting

ten ant (těn ănt), occupant. ten'ant-less (těn ănt-les), unoccupied. ten'dril (těn'dril), a slender leafless portion of a plant which attaches itself to a supporting body. ten'e-brous (těn'ê-brus), dark, gloomy. ten'or (těn'er), general course; conduct.

ten'ure (těn'ûr), a holding.

ter'ma-gant (tûr'må-gănt), scolding; violent; a scold.

ter'mi-nal (tûr'mi-nǎl), boundary, end.

tes'ta-ment (těs'tå-ment), a will or bequest.

thatch (thach), straw, rushes, etc. theme (thēm), a topic on which one writes or speaks. In music, a short melody from which a set of variations is developed.

the'o-ry (the'ô-ri), an idea; a plan. there-at (thâr-ǎt'), on that account. Ther-mop'y-lae (ther-mop'i-lē), a narrow pass in Greece, the

scene

of a famous conflict in the Persian wars. A small army of Greeks defended the pass against a vast army of Persians under Xerxes.

thill (thil), shaft of a carriage. thole (thol), pin set in the gunwale of a boat to serve as a fulcrum for the oar in rowing. thorough-brace'

a

(thurô-bras'), leather strap supporting the body of a carriage.

thorp (thôrp), a small village. Thra'cian (thra'shăn), pertaining to

Thrace, in early times the entire region north of Greece. thrall (thrôl), slave, bondman. thylke (thilk), the same. tin'sel (tin'sěl), something shiny and gaudy, more showy than valuable. tin tin-nab'u-la' tion (tin'ti-năb'u-lashun), a word coined by Poe to represent the sound of bells.

Ti'tan (ti'tăn), enormous, like the ancient giants in Greek mythology. tit'u-lar (tit'û-lår), existing in title or name only.

toc'sin (tok'sin), an alarm bell. tol'er-a-ble (tŏl'er-à-b'l), capable of being endured.

tol'er-ant (tŏl'er-ănt), indulgent, allowing.

toll'men (tōl'měn), men who gather toll or tax.

tome (tom), a large book. Ton’gres (tôn’gr’), a town in Belgium.

tor por (tor'por), dullness.

torrent (tor'ent), a violent stream as of water or lava.

To'ry (to'ri), a supporter of the king. Tour' ville (toor'vēl). See note p. 43. "Tous les Bourgeois' de Chartres"

(too la boor-zhwä' dě shärtr), the title of an old French song. tra-di'tion (trá-dish'un), custom

or

practice long observed; oral delivery of information from father to son. Tra-fal'gar (trå-făl'går). Note, p. 74. traf'fic (trăf'ik), commerce. train' band (trấn bănd), a band

or

company of an organized military force instituted by James I dissolved by Charles II but reorganized later. trait (trāt), distinguishing mark feature.

or

trai'tor (tra'ter), one who betrays a trust.

tran’quil (trăn’kwil), calm.

tran’si-to-ry (trăn’si-tô-ri), fleeting. trans 'mu-ta/ tion (trăns' mû-ta' shun), the changing from one form or condition to another.

trav'ail (trăv'ål), toil; produce with severe exertion. treach'er-ous (trěch 'er-us), faithless. Treb/i-zond' (trěbi-zond'), province in northeastern Asia Minor.

tre'ble (trěb''l), increase threefold. tree'nails (trê'nālz), long wooden pins

used in fastening planks of a vessel to the timbers or to each other. tre'mor (trē'mor; trěm'or), a trembling. trem'u-lous (trěm'û-lus), quivering; affected with fear or timidity. trep'i-da/ tion (trep'i-da shun), fear. trib'u-la shun (trib'u-la shun),

that which causes distress. tri-bu'nal (trī-bū'năl), a court; seat of a judge.

trib'u-ta-ry (trib'û-tâ-ri), inferior; contributing.

trice (tris), a very short time. tri'reme (tri'rēm), an ancient galley

or vessel with three tiers of oars. Tri'ton (tri'ton), a sea god, son of Neptune and his trumpeter. tri-umph'al (tri-ŭm'făl), in honor of a victory.

tro'phy (tro'fi), anything preserved as a memorial.

"Truce of God," in 1040 the church drew up a compact which forbade any fighting between sunset on Wednesday and sunrise on the following Monday.

truc'u-lent (trůk ́û-lěnt), fierce. try' sail' (tri sāl'), a fore-and-aft sail, bent to a gaff, and hoisted on lower mast-used chiefly as a storm sail.

a

up-braid' blame. U-phar' sin

(up-brād'), reproach or

(u-fär'sin). See Daniel

5, 25. up-hol'ster-er (ŭp-hōl'ster-er), one who provides curtains, coverings, hangings, etc.

ur'chin (ûr'chin), a roguish child. Ur-si'ni (ûr-se'ne), a prominent noble family in Rome.

u-surp (u-zûrp'), seize and hold a possession by force.

ut'ter-ance (ut'er-ăns), the act of speech.

vane (van), weathercock.

van'quish (văn'kwish), conquer or get the better of.

van' tage-ground (vȧn'tâj-ground), condition which gives one advantage over another.

va'ri-ant (vāʼri-ănt), different. vari-e-gated (vā ri-ê-gāt'ĕd), having marks of different colors. vas'sal (vǎs'ǎl), a subject or servant. vaunt (vänt), boast.

ve'he-ment (vē'hê-měnt), acting with great force; violent.

ve-loc'i-ty (vê-los'i-ti), speed. ven-due' (věn-dů'), an auction. ven'er-a-ble (věn ́ér-å-b'l), deserving honor and respect.

ven'er-ate (věn er-āt), regard with respect and awe.

venge'ance (věnʼjăns), punishment inflicted in return for injury; revenge. vent (věnt), outlet.

ven’ture (věn‘tur), risk.

ve-rac'i-ty (vê-răs ́i-ti), truthfulness. ver'dant (vûr'dant), green.

ver'dure (vûr' dûr), greenness. verge (vûrj), edge, brink.

ver i-ly (věr 'i-li), beyond doubt or question, truly.

ver'nal (vûr'năl), pertaining to the spring.

ver'sion (vûr'shun), a translation, ac

count.

ves'tal (věs'tǎl), a virgin consecrated to Vesta; nun.

vet'er-an (vět'ĕr-ăn), one grown old in service.

vibrant (vi'brănt), tremulous. vi-bra'tion (vi-brā'shŭn), quick mo. tion to and fro.

vi-cin'i-ty (vi-sin'ĭ-ti), neighborhood. vi-cis'si-tude

(vi-sis i-tud),

regular

change or succession from one thing to another.

vig'il (vij'il), watch.

vin'di-cate (vin'dī-kāt), justify. vi-ra'go (vi-rā'gō), a woman of extraordinary size, strength, and courage.

vir tu-al-ly (vûr'tû-ǎl-li), being in es sence or effect, not in fact. vis'age (viz'âj), the face. vi'sion (vizh'un), that which is seen. vis'ta (vis'tȧ), view between intervening objects.

viv'id (viv'id), true to life; bright. viv'i-fy (viv'i-fi), make alive.

vix'en (vik's'n), a cross, ill-tempered

wal'let (wol'ět), knapsack; pocketbook.

Wal'le-way (wäl'ē-wā), p. 238, probably Longfellow had reference to the Wallowa river in northeastern Oregon.

wan (won), pale.

wan'ton (won'tun), reckless. wan' toned (won'tund), played. ward'er (wor'der), guard.

Ware (war), a town in England about 20 miles north of London. warld (wärld), world.

warp (worp), the threads extending lengthwise in a loom, and crossed by the woof.

wa ry (wa'ri; wâr'ĭ), cautious, watchful.

wash (wosh), bog or marsh.

watch (wŏch), period during which

one serves as a sentinel or guard. wa ter-butt (wô'tẽr-bŭt), a large, openheaded cask, set up on end to contain water.

Wa'ter-loo (wô'ter-loo), a village

near Brussels where Napoleon met defeat. So complete and so decisive was the disaster that Waterloo has come to mean defeat. wa'ver (wa'ver), totter; unsettled. weath-er-cock, figure often in the form

of a cock, turning with the wind and showing its direction.

weird (werd), pertaining to witchcraft; wild.

wel'kin (wěl'kin), vault of heaven; sky.

wel'ter (wěl'ter), roll or tumble about. wert (wûrt), were (pronounce rhyme with "art").

to

West'min-ster Ab-bey (wěst' min-ster), in London, the

a

former

church

burial place of many kings, statesmen, and authors.

whig (h'wig), one of a political party in England, also in America; opposed to Tories. whipple-tree' (hwip' 'l-trē'), bar to which the traces of a harness are fastened for drawing a carriage. whisk'ing (hwisk'ing), moving nimbly and with velocity.

whit (hwit), the smallest part imaginable.

White, Gilbert (hwit), an eminent English naturalist, who was born in Selborne and was the author of "Natural History of Selborne." Wi-ca'co (wē-kä ko), p. 247. wim'pling (wim'pling), rippling. wis (wis). think.

wist'ful (wist'fool), longing. witch-ha' zel (wich-ha-z'I),

Amer

ican tree or shrub which blossoms late in Autumn.

with-hold' (with-hōld'), keep back, wiz'ard (wiz'ård), a magician. woe' -be-gone" (wībề-gôn′), distressed with grief.

wold (wold), a plain or low hill. Wolfe, Charles (woolf), an Irish clergyman and poet, born 1791. Wol'sey, Thomas (wool'si), a celebrated English statesman and cardinal. He gained the ill-will of Henry VIII by his conduct in the matter of the King's divorce. wont (wunt), custom or habit. woof (woof), the threads crossing the warp in a woven fabric.

Worcester, Joseph Emerson (woos'ter), p. 140.

wrack (rak), ruin. writhe (rith), twist. wrought (rôt), made.