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2 Bought knives for 20 cents each, and sold them at 17cts. each; how much is lost by the sale of 120 dozen? answer 43,20cts.

3 Hats bought at 4s. a piece, and sold at 4s. 9d. what is the gain per cent ? answer 18. 158. 4 Bought 7 tuns of wine, at 171. per hhd. and sold it at 1s. per pint, what is the whole gain, and the gain per cent ?

answer whole gain 2297. 12s. per cent. 481. 4s. 8d. 5 A draper bought 100 yards of cloth for 149 dols. how must he sell it per yard, to gain 51 dols. in the whole ? answer 2 dols. per yard.

6 Bought 60 reams of paper, at 2 dols. per ream; what is lost in the whole quantity, at 4 per cent? answer 4,80cts. 7 Sold 500 penknives, at 15d. a piece, and 9 per cent. loss; what is lost in the whole number? answer 31. 1s. 9d. 8 Paid 691. for 1 ton of steel; what is the profit or loss on the sale of 14 tons retailed at 6d. per pound?

answer 1821. loss. 9 If a yard of cloth be bought for 13s. 4d. and sold for 16s. what is the gain per cent ?

answer 201. 10 If 1C. of tobacco be bought for 4l. 13s. 4d. and sold at 11d. per pound, what is the gain or loss per cent ?

11 A draper bought 100 yards of must he sell it per yard, to gain 15l.

answer 10l. gain. cloth for 561. how per cent ?

answer 12s. 10de

12 Sold 12 yards of cloth for 51. 14s. by which was gained 81. per cent. what was the prime cost of a yard?

answer 8s. 9d. + 13 Having bought a parcel of goods for 81. and sold the same immediately for 25l. with 4 months credit; what is gained per cent. per annum ? answer 1167. 13. 4d. 14 Bought 300lb. of coffee at 4s. 2d. per lb. ready money, and sold it at 5s. per pound, payable in 8 months; how much was gained on the whole, allowing discount at 6 per cent. and how much per cent. per annum ?

answer

591. 12s. 3d. whole gain

30

per cent. 15 If, when cloth is sold at 7s. per yard, there is gained 10 per cent. what will be the gain per cent. when it is sold answer 331. 11s. 5d.+

for 8s. 6d. per yard ?

16 Bought a chest of tea, weighing 490lb, for 326 dols. and sold it for 370,10cts. what was the profit on each lb. answer 9 cts. 17 Bought 12 pieces of white cloth, for 6l. 10s. per piece. paid 20s. 10d. a piece for dying; for how much must I sell them each to gain 20 per cent? answer 91. 1s. 18 If 28 pieces of stuff be purchased at 4l. per piece, and 10 of them sold at 6l. and 8 at 5l. per piece; at what rate must the rest be disposed of, to gain 10 per cent. by the whole P answer 21. Es. 4d. 19 Sold a yard of cloth for 11s. 6d. by which was gained at the rate of 15 per cent, but, if it had been sold for 12s. what would have been the gain per cent? answer 201 20 If, when cloth is sold at 7s. a yard, the gain is 101. per cent. what is the gain or loss per cent. when it is sold at us, a yard? answer 5l. 14s. 3d. loss. 21 At 1d. per shilling profit, how much per cent?

answer 12l. 10s.

22 At 3s. 6d. in the pound profit, how much per cent? answer 171. 10s.

23 If by selling 1lb. of pepper for 10d. there is 2d. lost, how much is the loss per cent ? answer 161. 24 A merchant received from Lisbon 180 casks of raisins, which stand him here in 16s. each; and by selling them at 28s. per Cwt. he gains 25 per cent. required the weight of each cask one with another? answer 80lb.

FELLOWSHIP.

NELLOWSHIP is the rule for adjusting the several quotas of the loss or gain on any joint adventure, or of a bankrupt's effects, &c.

CASE 1.

When the several stocks in company are considered without regard to time;

RULE.

As the whole sum, or stock,

Is to the whole gain, or loss;

So is each partner's share in stock, &c.
To his quota of the gain, or loss.

PROOF

PROOF.

The sum of the several shares must equal the whole gain, or loss.

EXAMPLES.

1 Three merchants traded. A put in 140 dols. B 300 dols. and C 160 dols. their gain was 120 dols. what is each man's share thereof?

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2 Three merchants, trading to Virginia, lost goods to the value of 800%. now suppose A's stock was 1200l. B's 4800l. and C's 2000l. what sum must each man sustain of the loss ? answer A 1201. B 4801. C 2001.

3 A, B and C, freighted a ship with 108 tuns of wine, of which A had 48 tuns, B 36, and C 24, but by reason of stormy weather were obliged to cast 45 tuns overboard; how much must each man sustain of the loss?

answer A 20, B 15, and C 10 tuns. 4 Suppose a merchant is indebted to $ 701. T 4001. V 140l. 12s. 6d. but upon his death his estate is found to be worth only 4097. 14s. how must it be divided among his creditors ? answer S must have 46t. 19s. 3d., T 2681. 7s. 7d.1, V 941. 7s. od.

5 If the money and effects of a bankrupt amount to 1400l. 14s. 6d, and he is indebted to A 7421. 12s. to B 6411. 19s. 8d. and to C 9871. 19s. 9d. how must it be divided among them? ans. A must have 4381. 8s. 4d.4, B 3791. 3d.j C 5831. 5s. 9d.

6 Three graziers, A, B and C, rent an estate containing 292 acres, 3 roods, 17 perches, at 2001. per annum ; of which A pays 601. B 651. and C 75. they have agreed that the estate shall be divided in proportion to the rents; what is each man's dividend ? A. R. P.

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7 P, Q and R, rent an estate, containing 360 acres, at 2401. per annum of which P holds 90, Q 120, and R 150 acres; what must each man pay, in proportion to the land he holds ?

CASE 2.

answer

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60%.

Q 801.
R 100l.

When the respective stocks in company are considered with time;

RULE.

Multiply each man's stock by its time; then,
As the sum of the products,

Is to the whole gain, or loss;
So is each particular product,

To its share of the gain, or loss.

EXAMPLES.

1 Three merchants traded together; A put in 1201. for 9 months, B 100. for 16 months, and C 100l. for 14 months, and they gained 100l. what is each man's quota ?

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A

120x 9=1080

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2 Three merchants in a joint adventure put in as follow: A 400l. for 9 months, B 6801. for 5 months, and C 120l, for 12 months; but by misfortune lost goods to the value of 500%. what must each sustain of the loss? ans. A must lose 213l. 58. 4d.1, B 2011. 8s. 5d. and C 85l. 6s. 13d.

3 A, B, and C, hold a pasture in common, for which they pay 201. per annum; in this pasture A had 40 oxen for 76 days, B 36 for 50 days, and C 50 for 90 days; what part of the 201. must each of them pay? answer A must pay 61. 10s. 2d.1, B sl. 178. 1d. C 91. 125. 84.

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4 A put in stock 1800 dols. B advanced 4 months after; required the he put in, so as at the year's end to claim equal profits with A? answer 2700dols.

5 A, B, and C join stocks for 12 months; A puts in 100%. and the first of the fifth month 150l. more; and on the first of the ninth month takes out 30%. B puts in 250%. on the first of the sixth month 60l. more; and on the first of the eleventh month 100l. more; C puts in 300l.; on the first of the fourth month takes out 200l. and on the first of the eighth month takes out 50l. more; the whole gain is 1337. what is each partner's proper share of it?

answer A must have 40/ 14s od. B 64/ 125 6d. C 271 135 5d.

6 A, B, and C made a stock for 12 months; A put in at first 364. and four months after he put in 40%. more; B put in at first 4087. and at the end of 7 months he took out 861. C put in at first 1487. and three months after he put in 861. and 5 months after that he put in 100l. more; and at the end of 12 months, their gain is found to be 1436% what is each man's share thereof? answer A 556/ 3s 6d.1, B 5291 16s 9d4, C 3491 19s 8d.

7 A, B, and C join in company: A's stock is 50l. for 12 months, B's 160 yards of cloth 8 months, and C's 240 bushels of wheat 7 months; their gain is such, that A and B's share is 4561. B and C's 4317. C and A's 3751-Required the whole gain; each one's respectively; the price of B's cloth per yard, and what C's wheat was per bushel?

answer whole gain 6317. A's share 200l. B's 2561. and C's 175. B's cloth 125. per yard, and C's wheat 6s 3d. per bushel.

E

EXCHANGE.

XCHANGE is the rule, by which the money, &c. of one state or country, is reduced to that of another. Par is equality in value, but the course of exchange is fre quently above, or below par.

Agio is a term used to signify the difference, in some countries, between bank and current money.

CASE 1.

Exchange between the United States.

K

RULE

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