1 Pudiese, 2 pudieses, 3 pudiese: 1 pudiésemos, 2 pudiéseis, 3 pudiesen.Fut. 1 Pudiere, 2 pudieres, 3 pudiere: 1 pudiéremos, 2 pudiéreis, 3 pudieren

PODRIR, to rot

Gerund. Pudriendo. Past participle. Podrido.

pu

Indic. Pres. 1 Pudro, 2 pudres, 3 pudre: 1 podrimos, 2 podris, 3 pudren. Imperf. 1 Podria,* &c., or pudria, &c.—Pret. 1 Podrí, 2 podriste, drió: 1 podrímos, 2 podrísteis, 3 pudriéron.-Fut. 1 Podriré, &c.-Imper. 1 Pudra, 2 pudre, 3 pudra: 1 pudramos, 2 podrid, 3 pudran.-Subj. Pres. 1 Pudra, 2 pudras, 3 pudra, &c.-Imperf. 1st term. 1 Pudriera, 2 pudrieras, 3 pudriera: 1 pudriéramos, 2 pudriérais, 3 pudrieran.-2d term. 1 Podriria, &c.-3d term. 1 Pudriese, 2 pudrieses, 3 pudriese: 1 pudriésemos, 2 pudriéseis, 3 pudriesen.-Fut. 1 Pudriere, 2 pudrieres, 3 pudriere: 1 pudriéremos, 2 pudriéreis, 3 pudrieren.

PONER, to put.

Gerund. Poniendo. Past participle. Puesto.

Indic. Pres. 1 Pongo, 2 pones, &c.-Imperf. 1 Ponia, &c.-Pret. 1 Puse, 2 pusiste, 3 puso: 1 pusímos, 2 pusísteis, 3 pusiéron.-Fut. 1 Pondré, 2 pondrás, 3 pondrá: 1 pondrémos, 2 pondréis, 3 pondrán.--Imper. 1 Ponga, 2 pon, 3 ponga: 1 pongamos, 2 poned, 3 pongan.-Subj. Pres. 1 Ponga, 2 pongas, 3 ponga: 1 pongamos, 2 pongais, 3 pongan.-Imperf. 1st term: 1 Pusiera, 2 pusieras, 3 pusiera: 1 pusiéramos, 2 pusiérais, 3 pusieran.-2d term. 1 Pondria, 2 pondrias, 3. pondria: 1 pondríamos, 2 pondríais, 3 pondrian.-3d term. 1 Pusiese, 2 pusieses, 3 pusiese: 1 pusiésemos, 2 pusiéseis, 3 pusiesen.-Fut. 1 Pusiere, 2 pusiéres, 3 pusiere: 1 pusiéremos, 2 pusiéreis, 3 pusieren.

QUERER, to will.

Gerund. Queriendo. Past participle. Querido.

Indic. Pres. 1 Quiero, 2 quieres, 3 quiere: 1 queremos, 2 quereis, 3 quieren.-Imperf. 1 Queria, &c.-Pret. 1 Quise, 2 quisiste, 3 quiso: 1 quisímos, 2 quisísteis, 3 quisiéron.-Fut. 1 Querré, 2 querrás, 3 querrá: 1 querrémos, 2 querréis, 3 querrán.—Subj. Pres. 1 Quiera, 2 quieras, 3 quiera: 1 queramos, 2 querais, 3 quieran.-Imperf. 1st term. 1 Quisiera, 2 quisieras, 3 quisiera: 1 quisiéramos, 2 quisiérais, 3 quisieran.—2d term. 1 Querria, 2 querrias, 3 querria: 1 querríamos, 2 querríais, 3 querrian.—3d term. 1 Quisiese, 2 quisieses, 3 quisiese: 1 quisiésemos, 2 quisiéseis, 3 quisiesen.-Fut. 1 Quisiere, 2 quisieres, 3 quisiere: 1 quisiéremos, 2 quisiéreis, 3 quisieren.

REIR, to laugh.

Gerund. Riendo or riyendo. Past participle. Reido.

Indic. Pres. 1 Rio, 2 ries, 3 rie: 1 reimos, 2 reis, 3 rien.-Imperf. 1 Reia, &c.-Pret. 1 Reí, 2 reiste, 3 rió or riyó: 1 reímos, 2 reísteis, 3 riéron or

* Some writers use pudria, &c.

riyéron-Fut. 1 Reiré, &c.-Imper. 1 Ria, 2 rie, 3 ria: 1 riamos, 2 reid, 3 rian.-Subj. Pres. 1 Ria, 2 rias, 3 ria: 1 riamos, 2 riais, 3 rian.-Imperf. 1st term. 1 Riera, 2 rieras, 3 riera, (6 riyera, &c.)—2d term. 1 Reiria, &c.-3d term. 1 Riese, 2 rieses, 3 riese: 1 riésemos, 2 riéseis, 3 riesen, (6 riyese, &c.)-Fut. 1 Riere, 2 rieres, 3 riere: 1 riéremos, 2 riéreis, 3 rieren, (6 riyere, &c.)

FREIR, to fry. Past participle. Frito. DESLEIR, to dilute

SABER, to know.

Gerund. Sabiendo. Past participle. Sabido.

Indic. Pres. 1 Sé, 2 sabes, &c.-Imperf. 1 Sabia, &c.—Pret. 1 Supe, 2 supiste, 3 supo: 1 supímos, 2 supísteis, 3 supiéron.-Fut. 1 Sabré, 2 sabrás, 3 sabrá: 1 sabrémos, 2 sabréis, 3 sabrán.-Imper. 1 Sepa, 2 sabe, 3 sepa: 1 sepamos, 2 sabed, 3 sepan.-Subj. Pres. 1 Sepa, 2 sepas, 3 sepa: 1 sepamos, 2 sepais, 3 sepan.-Imperf. 1st term. 1 Supiera, 2 supieras 3 supiera: 1 supiéramos, 2 supiérais, 3 supieran.-2d term. 1 Sabria, 2 sabrias, 3 sabria: 1 sabríamos, 2 sabríais, 3 sabrian.-3d term. 1 Supiese, 2 supieses, 3 supiese, &c.-Fut. 1 Supiere, 2 supieres, 3 supiere: 1 supiéremos, 2 supiéreis, 3 supieren.

SALIR, to go out.

Gerund. Saliendo. Past participle. Salido.

Indic. Pres. 1 Salgo, 2 sales, &c.-Imperf. Salia, &c.-Pret. 1 Salí, &c.-Fut. 1 Saldré, 2 saldrás, 3 saldrá: 1 saldrémos, 2 saldréis, 3 saldrán. -Imper. 1 Salga, 2 sal, 3 salga: 1 salgamos, 2 salid, 3 salgan.—Subj. Pres. 1 Salga, 2 salgas, 3 salga: 1 salgamos, 2 salgais, 3 salgan.-Imperf. 1st term. 1 Saliera, &c.-2d term. 1 Saldria, 2 saldrias, 3 saldria: 1 saldríamos, 2 saldrías, 3 saldrian.-3d term. 1 Saliese, &c.-Fut. 1 Saliere, &c.

SATISFACER, to satisfy.

SATISFACER is a verb compounded of satis and hacer, and is conjugated like hacer, changing the h into ƒ; thus, satisfago, satisfaces, &c., satisfacia, &c., satisfice, satisficiste, satisfizo, &c., &c. Except the imperative, the second person singular of which is, satisface, or satisfaz.

SER, to be.

See page 449.

TENER, to hold.

See page 449.

TRAER, to bring.

Gerund. Trayendo. Past participle. Traido.

Indic. Pres. 1 Traigo, 2 traes, &c.-Imperf. 1 Traia, &c.-Pret. 1 Traje, 2 trajiste, 3 trajo: 1 trajimos, 2 trajísteis, 3 trajéron.-Fut

1 Traeré, &c.-Imper. 1 Traiga, 2 trae, 3 traiga, traiga V., 2 no traigas: 1 traigamos, 2 traed, 3 traigan, traigan VV., 2 no traigais.-Subj. Pres. 1 Traiga, 2 traigas, 3 traiga, &c.-Imperf. 1st term. 1 Trajera, 2 trajeras, 3 trajera: 1 trajéramos, 2 trajérais, 3 trajéran.-2d term. 1 Traeria, &c. -3d term. 1 Trajese, 2 trajeses, 3 trajese, &c.-Fut. 1 Trajere, 2 trajeres, 3 trajere: trajéremos, 2 trajéreis, 3 trajeren.

VALER, to be worth.

Indic. Pres. 1 Valgo, 2 vales, &c.: 1 valemos, &c.-Fut. 1 valdré, 2 valdrás, 3 valdrá, V. valdrá : 1 valdrémos, 2 valdréis, 3 valdrán, VV. valdrán. -Imper. 1 Valga yo, 2 vale, 3 valga, valga V., 2 no valgas, &c., 2 no valgais. -Subj. Pres. 1 Valga, 2 valgas, 3 valga, V. valga: 1 valgamos, 2 valgais, 3 valgan, VV. valgan.-Imperf. 1st term. 1 Valiera, &c.-2d term. 1 Valdria, 2 valdrias, 3 valdria, V. valdria: 1 valdríamos, 2 valdríais, 3 valdrian, VV. valdrian.-3d term. 1 Valiese, 2 valieses, &c.-Fut. 1 Valiere, &c.

VENIR, to come.

Gerund. Viniendo. Past participle. Venido.

Indic. Pres. 1 Vengo, 2 vienes, 3 viene, V. viene: 1 venimos, 2 venis, 3 vienen, VV. vienen.-Pret. 1 Vine, 2 veniste, 3 vino, V. vino: 1 venimos, 2 venisteis, 3 viniéron, VV. viniéron.-Fut. 1 Vendré, 2 vendrás, 3 vendrá, V. vendrá: 1 vendrémos, 2 vendréis, 3 vendran, VV. vendrán.—Imper. 1 Venga yo, 2 ven tú, 3 venga él, venga V., 2 no vengas: 1 vengamos, 2 venid, 3 vengan, vengan VV., 2 no vengais.-Subj. Pres. 1 Venga, 2 vengas, 3 venga, V. venga: 1 vengamos, 2 vengais, 3 vengan, VV. vengan.— Imperf. 1st term. 1 Viniera, 2 vinieras, 3 viniera, V. viniera: 1 viniéramos, 2 viniérais, 3 vinieran, VV. vinieran.-2d term. 1 Vendria, 2 vendrias, 3 vendria, V. vendria: 1 vendríamos, 2 vendríais, 3 vendrian, VV. vendrian. -3d term. 1 Viniese, 2 vinieses, 3 viniese, V. viniese: 1 viniésemos, 2 viniéseis, 3 viniesen, VV. viniesen.-Fut. 1 Viniere, 2 vinieres, 3 viniere, V. viniere: 1 viniéremos, 2 viniéreis, 3 vinieren, VV. vinieren.

VER, to see.

Gerund. Viendo. Past participle. Visto.

Indic. Pres. 1 Veo, 2 ves, 3 ve, V. ve: 1 vemos, 2 veis, 3 ven, VV. ven. -Imperf. 1 Veia,* 2 veias, 3 veia, V. veia: 1 veíamos, 2 veíais, 3 veian, VV. veian.-Pret. 1 Ví, 2 viste, 3 vió, V. vió: 1 vimos, 2 visteis, 3 viéron, VV. viéron.—Fut. 1 Veré, 2 verás, 3 verá, V. verá, &c.—Imper. 1 Vea yo, 2 ve tú, 3 vea él, vea V., 2 no veas: 1 veámos, 2 ved, 3 vean, vean VV., 2 no veais. Subj. Pres. 1 Vea, 2 veas, 3 vea, V. vea: 1 veámos, 2 veais, 3 vean, VV. vean.-Imperf. 1st term. 1 Viera, 2 vieras, &c.—2d term. 1 Veria, 2 verias, &c.-3d term. 1 Viese, 2 vieses, &c.-Fut. 1 Viere, 2 vieres, 3 viere, &c.

Formerly it was said via, vias, via, viamos, viais, vian.

YACER, to lie down.

This verb is rarely used, but in epitaphs; and it is conjugated only in the following tenses and persons.

Gerund. Yaciendo.—Indic. Pres. 1 Yago, 2 yaces, 3 yace, V. yace: 1 yacemos, 2 yaceis, 3 yacen, VV. yacen.-Imperf. 1 Yacia, 2 yacias, 3 yacia, V. yacia: 1 yacíamos, 2 yaciais, 3 yacían, VV. yacian.—Subj. Yaga.

IMPERSONAL VERBS.

Impersonal verbs are those which are conjugated in the third person singular of each tense only, without expressing the nominative: as,

This verb is used only in the two following tenses.

Indic. Pres. 1 Suelo, 2 sueles, 3 suele, 2 V. suele: 1 solemos, 2 soleis, 3 suelen, 2 VV. suelen.-Imperf. 1 Solia, 2 solias, 3 solia, 2 V. solia: 1 soliamos, 2 soliais, 3 solian, 2 VV. solian.

PLACER, to please.

This verb is used only in the third person singular or plural, in the moods and tenses as follows: it is always accompanied by a personal pronoun in the objective case.

Indic. Pres. 1 Me place, 2 te place, 3 le place, 2 le place á V.: 1 nos place, 2 os place, 3 les place, 2 les place á VV.; or 1 Me placen, 2 te placen, &c.—Imperf. 1 Me placia, or placian, 2 te placia, or placian, &c. -Pret. 1 Me plugo, 2 te plugo, &c.: 1 me pluguiéron, 2 te pluguiéron, &c. -Subj. Pres. 1 Me plegue, &c.-Imperf., 1st term. Me pluguiera, &c. -3d term. Me pluguiese, &c.-Fut. Me pluguiere.

REMARK. The Spanish Academy observes that the subjunctive mood is used only in the following expressions: plegue, pluguiera, or pluguiese á Dios; and si me pluguiere, if it should please me.

Obs. The verbs gustar, to have a liking for; pesar, to be sorry for; acomodar, to suit; convenir, or no convenir, to comport, or not, with one's interests, &c., are frequently used only in the third person singular or plural; and in that case they take as a subject, the person or thing liked, &c., with which they agree in number; and the person who likes, is sorry, &c. becomes their complement, and is represented by the pronouns me, te, se, &c., as in the verb placer. Ex.: Music pleases him, le gusta la música, or él gusta de la música.

A LIST OF ALL THE IRREGULAR VERBS.

Obs. 1. The compound verbs are not comprehended, when they have the same irregularity as the simple ones from which they are derived: as, componer, contraponer, deponer, disponer, imponer, oponer, proponer, &c., all of which are conjugated like poner.

Obs. 2. The verbs that adınit some change for the sake of the sound, are marked with a 2, as negar, 2 niegue.

Obs. 3. The most general irregularities of the Spanish verbs, as it has been already stated, consist in their taking i, j, y, or ue, or i, instead of o, or e. To find, therefore, the infinitive mood, and the person and tense of such verbs, the scholar must first separate the regular termination, and then the letter or letters that do not belong to the radicals of such verbs: as in comienzo, muestras, sintió, condujeron, trajéran, construyesen, the terminations are o, as, ió, eron, éran, esen. The remaining letters are, comienz, muestr, sint, conduj, traj, construy. Add to these the regular terminations of the infinitive mood, and they will read comienzar, muestrar, sintir, condujir, trajer, constuyir. Take off the i, j, and y, change the ue into o, and the i into e; add a c before the termination to those in ij, or uj; and they will be comenzar, mostrar, sentir, conducir, traer, construir. It must be observed that verbs that have a y before their termination, may be of the second or third conjugation; in consequence of which the terminations of both may be tried in order to find them out in the dictionary. Example: creyó, huyen; take off o, yen, and add the terminations, thus, creir, huer; the scholar will not find them, but he will find creer, huir.

Obs. 4. Verbs that have two participles are marked thus: Bendecir2 Bendito, and the regular one is omitted.

Obs. 5. The irregular participles are set in italics after their verbs.