was pulled down with the Friars Church by Sir Thomas Cawarden, Master of the Revels; but in the reign of Queen Mary, he being forced to find a church to the inhabitants, allowed them a lodging chamber above a stair, which since that time, to wit in the year 1597, fell down, and was again by collection therefore made, newbuilt and enlarged in the same year, and was dedicated on December 11.-Stow, P. 128. The parish register records the burial of Isaac Oliver, the miniature painter (1617), who lived in this parish. His son erected a monument to his memory, with his bust in marble. It perished in the Great Fire. Peter Oliver was buried with his father. Other burials recorded are Nat Field, the poet and player (1632-1633); Dick Robinson, the player (1647); William Faithorne, the engraver (1691). The following interesting entries relate to Vandyck, who lived and died in this parish, leaving a sum of money in his will to its poor : Jasper Lanfranch, a Dutchman, from Sir Anthony Vandike's, buried February 14, 1638. Martin Ashent, Sir Anthony Vandike's man, buried March 12, 1638. Justinian, daughter to Sir Anthony Vandike and his lady, baptized December 9, 1641. The child was therefore baptized the day her illustrious father died (1641). John Bill, king's printer (1630), by will directed his body to be buried here, and left the large sum of £300 for the expense of his funeral. He also left money for the poor of the parish. A portion of the old burying-ground is still to be seen in Church Entry, Ireland Yard. In this parish lived Sir Samuel Luke, the original of Hudibras; the register records his marriage in 1624, and the baptism of several of his children. Anne's (St.), LIMEHOUSE, one of Queen Anne's fifty churches, designed by Nicholas Hawksmoor, a pupil of Sir Christopher Wren. It was erected 1712-1724 at a cost of £38,000, and was consecrated September 12, 1729. The interior was seriously injured by fire on the morning of Good Friday, March 29, 1850: but was very carefully restored. Anne's (St.), SOHO, a parish in Westminster, taken out of St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, 30th of Charles II. (1678). The church (in Wardour Street and Dean Street) was erected on a piece of ground called Kemp's Field,2 and was consecrated by Bishop Compton, March 21, 1686. It has more than once since been repaired. The interior was remodelled and improved in 1866 (Mr. A. W. Blomfield, A.R.A., architect). The architect is not known. The present turret was erected in 1806 by S. P. Cockerell. The church was dedicated to St. Anne, the mother of the Virgin Mary, in honour of the Princess Anne, daughter of the reigning sovereign. Vpon the twentie-first of the same March, 1685-1686, was the new parish church VOL. I 1 Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1629-1631, p. 242. 2 Vestry Minute, St. Martin's-in-the-Fields. H St. Anne's, Soho, consecrated by the Lord Bishop of London, Henry Compton, a most pious prelate and an admirable governor. This parish is taken (as was St. James's) out of St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, by Act of Parliament, and the patronage thereof settled in the Bishop of London and his successors. The consecration (as was the buildinge) of it was the more hastened, for that, by the Act of Parliament, it was to be a parish from the Lady Day next after the consecration; and had it not been consecrat that day, it must have lost the benefitt of a year, for there was noe other Sunday before our Lady Day.—Autobiography of Sir John Bramston, p. 223. I imagine your Countess of Dorchester [Sedley's daughter] will speedily move hitherward, for the house is furnishing very fine in St. James's Square, and a seat taking for her in the new consecrated St. Anne's Church.-Letter of April 6, 1686 (Ellis's Letters, 2d S., vol. iv. p. 91). In the churchyard is a tablet to the memory of Theodore, King of Corsica, who died at a tailor's in Chapel Street, in this parish (December II, 1756), soon after his liberation by the Act of Insolvency from the King's Bench Prison. As soon as Theodore was at liberty he took a chair and went to the Portuguese minister, but did not find him at home: not having sixpence to pay, he prevailed on the chairmen to carry him to a tailor he knew in Soho, whom he prevailed upon to harbour him, but he fell sick the next day, and died in three more.Walpole to Mann, January 17, 1757. He was buried at the expense of an oilman in Compton Street, of the name of Wright, but Horace Walpole paid for the tablet (which has a crown "exactly copied" from one of Theodore's coins) and wrote the inscription: The grave, great teacher, to a level brings Bestow'd a kingdom, and denied him bread. You will laugh to hear that when I sent my inscription to the vestry for the approbation of the minister and churchwardens, they demurred and took some days to consider whether they should suffer him to be called King of Corsica. Happily they have acknowledged his title.—Walpole to Mann, February 29, 1757. In the church are buried Lord Camelford, killed (1804) in a duel with Captain Best; David Williams (d. 1816), founder of the Literary Fund. In the churchyard are buried Brook Taylor, LL.D. (d. December 29, 1731), discoverer of Taylor's Theorem and author of the Principles of Linear Perspective; Sir Hildebrand Jacob (1790); William Hazlitt (d. 1830), a headstone over whose grave has a pompous inscription very unlike the style of the writer the inscription celebrates. In the church are monuments to Sir John Macpherson, "the gentle giant," who for some months acted as Governor-General of India; and William Hamilton, R.A., a feeble though not ungraceful painter. The register records the baptism (1736) of John Horne, known now as John Horne Tooke. Many parts of this parish," says Maitland, (1739), "so greatly abound with French, that it is an easy matter for a stranger to imagine himself in France." This is true of the parish a century and a half after: it is still a kind of Petty France. The emigrants from all the Revolutions have congregated hereabouts. [See Greek Street.] Anne's (St.), Lane, GREAT PETER STREET, WESTMINSTER. Henry Purcell, the musician, lived in this lane, and here Herrick, the poet, when ejected from his living of Dean Prior, resided as "Robert Herrick, Esquire." Antholin's (St.), or, ST. ANTLING'S, in BUDGE Row (a corruption of ST. ANTHONY's), a church which stood at the south-west corner of Sise Lane, Watling Street (Cordwainer Street Ward). It was destroyed in the Great Fire, and rebuilt by Cartwright from the designs of Sir C. Wren in r682-1683, at an expense of about £5700. The interior was ingeniously fitted to an irregular site and covered with an oval-shaped dome, supported on eight Roman Corinthian columns. The church was taken down in September 1874 to make way for the new Queen Victoria Street, and the site is marked by a memorial with a painting of the church. Strong efforts were made, but unsuccessfully, to have the much-admired tower with its solid octagonal stone spire preserved as a memorial. For the solace of Wren's admirers it may be well to note that the spire removed in 1874 was not the original. That was injured by lightning many years before; taken down, and replaced by a new and somewhat lower spire. The injured spire was taken away to ornament the garden of one of the parish authorities at Forest Hill. The parish has been joined to the united rectory of St. Mary Aldermary with St. Thomas Apostle and St. John the Baptist upon Walbrook. The proceeds of the sale of the church were £44,990, a portion of which sum went for the erection of the church of St. Antholin, Nunhead. A morning prayer and lecture, the bells for which began to ring at five in the morning, was established at St. Antholin's, in Budge Row, "after Geneva fashion," in September, 1559.1 Lilly, the astrologer, attended these lectures when a young man, and Sir Walter Scott makes Mike Lambourne, in Kenilworth, refer to them. Nor have they been overlooked by our early dramatists: Randolph, Davenant, and Mayne make frequent allusions in their plays to the Puritanical fervour of the parish. The tongue of Middleton's Roaring Girl was "heard further in a still morning than St. Antling's bell." Among the State Papers are orders for disposing of certain money given towards the maintenance of six morning lectures in the church, dated March 17, 1629, and endorsed by Laud, then Bishop of London. It appears that the parish allowed £70 per annum towards the lecture, the chamber of London £40 per annum, and by this instrument monies were vested in trustees to pay each of the lecturers an additional £30 per annum.2 In the heart of the city, near London Stone, in a house which used to be inhabited by the Lord Mayor or one of the Sheriffs, and was situate so near to the church of St. Antholin's that there was a way out of it into a gallery of the church, the Commissioners from the Church of Scotland to King Charles were lodged in 1640. Here 1 Machyn's Diary, p. 212. 2 Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1628-1629, p. 495. preached the Chaplains of the Commission, with Alexander Henderson at their head; and curiosity, faction, and humour brought so great a conflux and resort, that from the first appearance of day in the morning on every Sunday, to the shutting in of the light, the church was never empty.1 Under colour of preaching the Gospel, in sundry parts of the realm, they set up a Morning Lecture at St. Antholine's Church in London; where (as probationers for that purpose) they first made tryal of their abilities, which place was the grand nursery, whence most of the Seditious Preachers were after sent abroad throughout all England to poyson the people with their anti-monarchical principles. - Dugdale's Troubles in England, fol. 1681, p. 37. Going to St. Antlin's and Morning Lectures is out of fashion.—An Exclamation from Tunbridge and Epsom against the New-found Wells at Islington, single halfsheet, 1684. Bansswright. 'Tis all the fault she has she will outpray A preacher at St. Antlin's.-Mayne, The City Match, fol. 1639. That rise to long exercise before day. I do hope Davenant's News from Plymouth, Act i. Sc. 1. We shall grow famous; have all sorts repaire As duly to us as the barren wives Of ancient citizens do at St. Antholin's. Cartwright's Ordinary, 1651. I'll be a new man from the top to the toe, or I'll want of my will. Instead of tennis-court my morning exercise shall be at St. Antlin's.-Heywood's If you know not Me, p. 72. Dean Colet, founder of St. Paul's School, was born in this parish in 1466. His father, Sir Henry Colet, had been Lord Mayor of London. Anthony (St.), (Hospital or Free School of), stood opposite Finch Lane, in Threadneedle Street, where the French Church afterwards stood. It was some time a cell, says Stow, to St. Anthony's of Venice, afterwards a hospital "for a master, two priests, one schoolmaster, and twelve poor men." Dr. Nicholas Heath, some time Bishop of Rochester, afterwards of Worcester, and lastly Archbishop of York and Lord Chancellor of England, Sir Thomas More and Archbishop Whitgift, and, as is believed, Dean Colet, were educated at this school, which, in Stow's remembrance, presented the best scholars for prizes of all the schools of London. Whitgift when here (circ. 1546), boarded with his aunt in St. Paul's Churchyard, her husband being a verger of the Cathedral. The Hospital was suppressed in the reign of Edward VI., "the School in some sort remaining," says Stow, "but sore decayed." The Hospital possessed a curious privilege. The city laws were, in the Middle Ages, exceedingly strict in respect of food and sanitary matters. Unwholesome meat was destroyed; swine "found in the streets or in the fosses or in the suburbs were to be killed. But pigs were often seized which were unfit for the shambles, and those it came to be custom to hand over to the proctor of St. Anthony's 1 Clarendon's History of the Rebellion, ed. 1826, vol. i. p. 331. Hospital, who fastened a bell to the neck of each and sent them into the streets to get their own living, an order being issued that swine bearing the bell of St. Anthony should be free to roam where they pleased. When they were fat enough they were killed and sold for the benefit of the Hospital. Appended to the City "Ordnance respecting Swine" in the Liber Albus is the entry : The renter of St. Antony's sworn: that he will not avow any swine going about within the City, nor will hang bells about their necks, but only about those which shall have been given to them in pure alms.1 These swine found favour with the benevolent, and soon learnt to know their benefactors, whom they would "follow about with a continual whining." Whence came the old saying, "You follow and whine like a Tantony Pig," or, more shortly, and in a different sense, with reference to their privileges, "Like a Tantony Pig." Antiquaries (Society of), in the west wing of BURLINGTON HOUSE. This Society traces back its origin to the College of Antiquaries founded by Archbishop Parker in 1572, which "met one day in the week at Darby House, where the Herald's office was kept," and which numbered Camden, Cotton, and Stow among its members.2 The Society proposed to apply to Queen Elizabeth for a Charter of Incorporation as an "Academy for the Study of Antiquity and History," but the intention was probably not carried out; at any rate no such Charter was granted. However, the Society continued to prosper till the accession of James I., shortly after which, hearing that the King "mistrusted" the Society, or had taken some "mislike " to its historical speculations, they passed a resolution that they "declined all matters of state," which, rather sharpening than averting the royal jealousy, they were forbidden to meet, "and so," says Strype, "this brave Society sunk." But though the College was dissolved, the members continued to meet as usual, probably at each others' houses, and Ashmole has an entry in his Diary of July 2, 1659, as "the Antiquaries Feast." In 1707 a vigorous effort was made to restore the Society to a more efficient working condition by Wanley, Bagford, and a Mr. Talman. An agreement was made to meet every Friday evening at six, "upon pain of forfeiture of sixpence." Their first meeting was at the Bear Tavern, in the Strand (December 5, 1707); their second, on the 12th of the same month, when it was Agreed that the business of the Society shall be limited to the object of Antiquities, and more particularly to such things as illustrate or relate to the History of Great Britain prior to the reign of James I." From the Bear, in the Strand, they moved (January 9, 1707-1708) to the Young Devil Tavern, when Peter Le Neve and others were elected members. Of these meetings Wanley has left some rough minutes among the Harleian MSS. (7055). In 1709 their meeting-place was the Fountain Tavern, outside Temple Bar. Eight years later (1739) the Society met "every Thursday evening about seven o'clock," at the Mitre in Fleet Street, where they remained till 66 1 Liber Albus, p. 509; Stow; Maitland. 2 Reliq. Spelmannianæ, p. 69; Archæologia, vol. i., Int.; Strype, B. i. p. 161; Pres. Address of Mr. Winter Jones, 1875, Proc. of the Soc. of Ant., vol. vi. p. 356, where will be found an excellent resumé of the Society's history. |