COUNTING.

52. This measure is used in counting certain classes

of articles for market purposes.

Two things of a kind are often called a pair, and six things a set; as a pair of horses, a set of chairs, etc.

PAPER.

53. The denominations of this table are used in the paper trade :

Paper is bought at wholesale by the bale, bundle, and ream; and at retail by the ream, quire, and sheet.

Paper may be made to order of any size, but the greater part made up for sale is only of regular sizes. The names generally define the sizes. Writing and Drawing Papers differ in size from Printing Papers of the same name. English sizes differ from American. However, when English or French printing papers are made. for this country they are of American sizes.

The dimensions given above are those in most general Some kinds occasionally vary a trifle.

use.

Extra Size Folio is sometimes 18 x 23 inches, and

19 x 24 inches. Imperial is sometimes 93 x 31 inches.

Larger sizes and odd sizes are sometimes made, but are

not common.

BOOKS.

57. The terms folio, quarto, octavo, duodecimo, etc., indicate the number of leaves into which a sheet of paper

58. Clerks and copyists are often paid by the folio for making copies of legal papers, records, and documents.

72 words make 1 folio, or sheet of common law.

A folio varies in different States and countries, but usually contains from 75 to 100 words.

RAILROAD FREIGHT.

62. When convenient to weigh them, all goods are billed at actual weight; but ordinarily, the articles named below are billed, at the rates given in the following

Flour,

200

66

2000 pounds are reckoned 1 ton.

Generally from 18000 to 20000 pounds is considered a car load.

Lumber and some other articles are estimated as follows:

The three dimensions of this cube are, 1 Meter, or 10 Decimeters, or 100 Centimeters, in length. SCALE OF THE Exact Size,

1 Cu. Centimeter. Exact Size.

METRIC SYSTEM.

63. The Metric System of weights and measures is based upon the decimal scale.

64. The Meter is the base of the system, and is the one ten-millionth part of the distance on the earth's surface from the equator to either pole, or 39.37079 inches.

65. From the Meter are made the Are (air), the Stere (stair), the Liter (leeter), and the Gram; these constitute the primary or principal units of the system from which all the others are derived.