12. The length of the Erie Canal is 364 miles, and it cost $7143790. What was the average expense of one mile? Ans. $19625·796+. 13. The Crooked Lake Canal is 8 miles long, and cost $156777. How much is this per mile?

Ans. $19597.125.

14. In 1842, the whole number of children taught in the district schools of the State of New York was 598901; the whole amount disbursed for common schools was $1155419-90. How much was that per scholar?

Ans. $1.929+.

15. The salary of the President of the United States is $25000. How much is that each day? Ans. $68·493+. 16. In one rod there are 16.5 feet. How many rods in 3573 feet? Ans. 216-5454+ rods. 17. Bought a farm of 137 acres for $5324. How much was that per acre? Ans. $38.861+. 18. If 35 miles of railroad cost $400000, how much was the average cost per mile? Ans. $11428-574.

19. Suppose a carriage wheel to be 12 feet in circumference, how many times will it revolve in passing over a distance of 100 miles, there being 5280 feet in a mile ?

Ans. 44000 times. 20. If at each stroke of the piston rod of a locomotive engine a distance of 13.25 feet is passed over, how many strokes must be made in passing a distance of 93 miles ? Ans. 37059 62+ times.

21. In 1845, the revenue or interest from the School Fund of the State of New York was $86828.96. During the same year there were employed 7147 teachers. If the above sum were equally divided among those teachers, what would each one receive?

Ans. $12-149+.

22. In 1844, the whole number of school districts of New York was 10990, and the whole number of children in said districts, between the ages of 5 and 16 years, was 696548. What was the average number for each district? Ans. 63.38, nearly.

What was

23. In New York, the total number of volumes in the 11018 school district libraries was 1145250. the average number for each library?

Ans. 103-94+ volumes. 24. In one mile there are 1760 yards, and in one rod there are 55.5 yards. How many rods in one mile? Ans. 320 rods.

25. If light passes 191515 miles in a second, how many seconds will it require to pass from the sun to the earth, a distance of 95500000 miles? Ans. 498-65+ seconds.

26. If a cubic inch of pure water weigh 252-458 grains avoirdupois, of which 7000 make one pound, what is the weight of the Imperial or English gallon, which contains 277-274 cubic inches?

27. If one Imperial gallon contain 277-274 cubic inches, how many cubic inches in 8 gallons or one bushel, and how many cubic feet of 1728 inches each?

28. If one cubic inch of pure water weigh 252-458 grains avoirdupois, how many grains will 1728 cubic inches, or one cubic foot, weigh, and how many pounds of 7000 grains each?

29. A farmer sells his butter for $0.21 per pound, reHow many pounds did he sell?

ceiving $1613-22.

Ans. 7682 pounds.

30. The butter made from the milk of 53 cows during the summer, being sold for $0-20 per pound, brought $1579-40. How many pounds were sold, and what was the average produce of each cow?

Ans.

{

Amount sold 7897 pounds. 149 Average per cow 31. In a dairy of 46 cows, suppose each averages 2.5 gallons of milk daily, and that each gallon produces 1.1 pounds of cheese, how many pounds will be thus made 5.7 months of 30 days each? Ans. 21631-5 pounds.

32. A farmer sold as follows:

15127 pounds of cheese, at 6·75 cents per pound,

63. To find the value of articles estimated by the 100 or 1000.

What is the value of 9425 bricks, at $3.25 per 1000? Had the price been $3.25 for each brick, we should multiply the price per brick by the number of bricks: that is, $3.25 by 9425; or, what is the same thing, we, for convenience sake, make the true multiplicand the multiplier, as in the following

OPERATION.

9425

3.25

47125

18850 28275

$30631-25

This value of $30631-25 is evidently 1000 times too much; therefore, to obtain the true value, we must divide it by 1000, which is done, (ART. 57,) by removing the decimal point three places to the left; it will then become $30-63125. Had they been $3.25 per 100, then, instead of removing the decimal point three places to the left, we should have Hence we have this

removed it two places.

RULE

Multiply the number of articles by the number expressing the price per 100, or 1000, and from the product cut off two of the right-hand figures when the articles are estimated by the 100. and three when they are estimated by the 1000.

EXAMPLES.

1. What is the value of 1300 feet of hemlock boards, at $5.50 per 1000?

OPERATION.

1300

5.50

65000

65

$7.15000

In this product we set off five figures for decimals; two according to ART. 52, and three more because the articles are estimated by the 1000.

2. What is the value of 675 feet of clear pine stuff, at $25 per 1000? Ans. $16.875.

3. What is the value of 11035 feet of timber, at $2.25 per 100? Ans. $248-2875. 4. What is the value of 90422 brick, at $3.75 per 1000 ? Ans. $339.0825. 5. What must be paid for laying 875 brick, at $3.25 per 1000? Ans. $2.84375.

6. A compositor worked nine months, and during that time set up at the rate of 7000 m's per day. How many thousand m's did he set up, reckoning 25 working days to the month? and how much did he receive at 15 cents per 1000 m's? Ans. 1575 thousand m's.

$236.25 amount he received. 7. Add together the following fractional parts of a dollar, r, ra, ro, t, d, b, t,, (See Table under 12, ART. 61.) Ans. $1.87.

8. A man in balancing his family accounts for one year, found his expenses as follows: for January, $98.41; for February, $81.33; for March, $102.28; for April, 125.26; for May, $74-38; for June, $73-47; for July, $65.98; for August, $87-21; for September, $70-34; for October, $122.08; for November, $79.68; for December, $52-77. His salary was $1050 per annum. What had

he left at the end of the year ?

Ans. $16.81.

9. A butcher, a shoemaker, and a tailor gave orders on each other in the way of their business, and at the end of a year settled accounts. The butcher's bill against the tailor was $61.84; against the shoemaker, $39.44. The shoemaker's bill against the butcher was $24.30; against the tailor, $19-15. The tailor's bill against the butcher