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EXAMPLES.

1. If 10lb. at Boston make glb. at Amsterdam; 90lb. at Amsterdam, 112lb. at Thoulouse; how many pounds at Thoulouse are equal to 50lb. at Boston?

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2. If 20 braces at Leghorn be equal to 10 vares at Lisbon; 40 vares at Lisbon to 80 braces at Lucca; how many braces at Lucca are equal to 100 braces at Leghorn ? Ans. 100 braces.

CASE II.

When it is required to find how many of the first kind of coin, weight, or measure, mentioned in the question, are equal to a given number of the last.

RULE.

Proceed as in the first case, only make the product of the consequents the first term, and that of the antecedents, the second.

EXAMPLES.

* In performing this example, the first abbreviation is obtained by dividing 90 and 9 by their common measure 9; the second by dividing 10 and 50 by their common measure 10; the third by dividing 10 and 5 by their common measure 5; and the fourth, or answer, by dividing 2 and 112 by their common measure 2.

EXAMPLES.

1. If 100lb. in America make 95lb. Flemish ; and 19lb. Flemish, 25lb. at Bolognia; how many pounds in America are equal to 50lb. at Bolognia?

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2. If 25lb. at Boston be 221b. at Nuremburg; 88lb. at Nuremburg, 92lb. at Hamburg; 46lb. at Hamburg, 49lb. at Lyons; how many pounds at Boston are equal to 98lb. at Lyons? Ans. 100lb.

3. If 6 braces at Leghorn make 3 ells English; 5 ells English, 9 braces at Venice; how many braces at Leghorn will make 45 braces at Venice? Ans. 50 braces.

BARTER.

BARTER is the exchanging of one commodity for another, and directs traders so to proportion their goods, that neither party may sustain loss.

RULE.

RULE.*

Find the value of that commodity, whose quantity is given; then find what quantity of the other, at the rate proposed, you may have for the same money, and it gives the answer required.

EXAMPLES.

1. How many dozen of candles at 5s. 2d. per dozen, must be given in barter for 3cwt. 2qrs. of tallow at 378. 4d. per cwt. ?

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This rule is evidently, only, an application of the rule of three.

2. How much tea at 9s. per lb. can I have in barter, for 4 cwt. 2qrs. of chocolate at 4s. per lb. ?

Ans. 2cwt.

3. How many reams of paper at 28. 9d. per ream must be given, in barter, for 37 pieces of Irish cloth at 1l. 12s. 4d. per piece?

Ans. 4283

4. A delivered 3 hogsheads of brandy at 6s. 8d. per gal. to B, for 126 yards of cloth; what was the cloth per yard? Ans. 10s.

5. A and B barter; A hath 41cwt. of hops at 30s. per cwt. for which B gives him 201. in money, and the rest in prunes at 5d. per pound; what quantity of prunes must A receive?

Ans. 17cwt. 3qrs. 4lb.

6. A has a quantity of pepper, weight net 1600lb. at 17d. per lb. which he barters with B for two sorts of goods, the one at 5d. the other at 8d. per lb. and to have in money, and of each sort of goods an equal quantity: how many pounds of each must he receive, and how much in money?

Ans. 1394 lb. and 371. 158. 6d.

LOSS AND -GAIN.

LOSS AND GAIN is a rule that discovers what is got or lost in the buying or selling of goods; and instructs merchants and traders to raise or lower the price of their goods, so as to gain or lose a certain sum per cent. &c.

Questions in this rule are performed by the Rule of Three.

EXAMPLES..

EXAMPLES.

1. How must I sell tea per pound, that cost me 13s. 5d. to gain at the rate of 25 per cent. ?

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13 5 :
12

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16s. 91d. the same as before.

2. At 3s. 6d. profit in the pound, how much per cent. ? Ans. 17. 10s.

3. Bought goods at 4d. per lb. and sold them at the rate of 21. 7s. 4d. per cwt. what was the gain per cent. ? Ans. 12. 135. Id.

4. Bought cloth at 7s. 6d. per yard, which not proving so good as I expected, I am resolved to lose 17 per cent. Ans. 6s. 24d. by it how must I sell it per yard?

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5. If I buy 28 pieces of stuffs at 41. per piece, and sell 13 of the pieces at 61. and 8 at 51. per piece; at what rate per piece must I sell the rest to gain 20 per cent. by the whole? Ans. 21. 6s. 10d.

6. Bought 40 gallons of brandy at 3s. per gallon, but by accident 6 gallons of it are lost; at what rate must I sell the remainder per gallon, and gain upon the whole prime cost at the rate of 10 per cent. ?

Ans. 38. 10d.

7. Sold

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