IN ARITHMETIC BY S. W. BAIRD PRINCIPAL FRANKLIN GRAMMAR SCHOOL, WILKESBARRE, PA. FIFTH YEAR NEW YORK .:. CINCINNATI .:. CHICAGO NOTE THIS book begins with a review of the fourth year's work, logically combined with a comprehensive treatment of notation, numeration, addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. More advanced work is given in many of the subjects that were introduced in an elementary form in the preceding book; and factoring, percentage, interest, and practical mensuration are here presented for the first time. The model solutions given for the written work are so simple and clear that they can be understood without difficulty by young pupils. The The method of treatment is largely inductive. pupil is led to see the reason for the various processes and encouraged to formulate his own methods of operation. LESSON 1 Notation treats of the writing of numbers. 1. By words, as one, two, three, four, etc. 3. By letters, called the Roman method. In the Arabic System of notation ten characters called figures are employed to represent numbers. These characters are: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0. Numeration treats of the reading of numbers, when expressed by figures or other characters. For convenience in reading, when numbers are expressed by more than three figures, they are generally separated by commas into periods, or groups, of three figures each, as shown in the following table: 426, 426, 426, 426, 426, 426 426, 426 |