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churchyard, on the surface lying in length, which goes by the west wall of the churchyard, out of Houndsditch, and turns east again into Whitechapel, coming out near the Three Nuns Inn.-Defoe, Memoirs of the Plague, ed. Brayley, p. 90.

Three Tuns, a famous Tavern in GUILDHALL Yard.

Ah Ben !

Say how or when

Shall we thy Guests,

Meet at those lyrick feasts
Made at the Sun

The Dog, the Triple Tunne;
Where we such clusters had

As made us nobly wild, not mad?—Herrick, p. 413.

Compass. Three Tuns do you call this Tavern? It has a good neighbour of Guildhall, Master Pettifog.-Show a room, Boy.-Webster, A Cure for a Cuckold, Act. iv. Sc. I.

General Monk lodged at this tavern on a memorable occasion in 1660.

But the next morning early, February 9 (1660), the General commanded the march of his army up into the City, without advising with any of his own officers. And having placed his main guards at the old Exchange, and other convenient places, he retired himself to the Three Tuns Tavern, near Guildhall, where he dispatched his orders. Skinner's Life of Monk, p. 233.

Three Tuns are the arms of the Vintners' Company, and were* consequently a favourite sign with Vintners. Besides the Guildhall Tavern there were in the City in the 17th century the Three Tuns in Ludgate Hill, in St. Paul's Churchyard, by the Conduit in Cheapside, in Cloth Fair, in Gracechurch Street, and one or two other places; and there are half a dozen Three Tuns in the City now.

I went to a little eating or chop house called The Three Tuns, where I used to dine for 13d., including a penny to the waiter.-Jeremy Bentham, Life, p. 133.

Three Tuns Tavern, ST. MARGARET'S HILL, SOUTHWARK. On April 27, 1768, when Wilkes was taken into custody and ordered to be committed to the King's Bench prison, the mob took out the horses on Westminster Bridge, and drew his coach along the Strand, Fleet Street, etc., to Spitalfields, where they turned the two tip-staves out of it. They then dragged the carriage to this tavern, where Wilkes alighted and made a speech to them from one of the upper windows. When he had persuaded the mob to disperse he walked quietly over to the King's Bench Prison and delivered himself to the Marshal. The house, afterwards known as "The Three Tuns Hotel and Tavern," has recently been removed in the course of local improvements, but the site is marked by Three Tun Passage, No. 110 Borough High Street.

Thrift Street. [See Frith Street, Soho.]

Throgmorton Street, LOTHBURY, the north-east corner of the Bank of England, to BROAD STREET, was so called after Sir Nicholas Throgmorton, who is said to have been poisoned by Dudley, Earl of Leicester, Queen Elizabeth's favourite. There is a monument to his

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memory in the Church of St. Catherine Cree. The pious Robert Nelson was living here with his mother towards the end of the 17th century.

August 6, 1694.—I directed my letter to be left for you with Madam Nelson, at her house in Throgmorton Street behind the Old Exchange.-Bishop Bull to Robert Nelson.

Alexander Chalmers, author of the Biographical Dictionary, was living here June 13, 1815. Throgmorton Street is now chiefly inhabited by stockbrokers and jobbers. Observe.-Drapers' Hall, on north side, and near to it the Imperial Ottoman Bank (No. 26), a handsome semioriental edifice erected in 1871 from the designs of Mr. Burnet, and the adjoining offices, Italian Gothic in style, built in 1870 from the designs of Mr. Chatfeild Clarke. On the south side in New Court is an entrance to the Stock Exchange, and also the back of the new buildings of the Stock Exchange. West of Drapers' Hall is the handsome new thoroughfare called Throgmorton Avenue, carried across the Drapers' Hall Gardens (see Drapers' Hall) to London Wall by Carpenters' Hall.

Tichborne Street, HAYMARKET. This once crowded thoroughfare connecting Coventry Street and Regent Street is set down as Shug Lane by Hatton, 1708, in Strype's Map of 1720, and in Dodsley's London, 1761. Strype describes it as "but meanly built, neither are its inhabitants much to be boasted of." A century and half later the description was equally applicable. In 1726 "Winter, a Poem, price 1s.," was published by J. Millar, at Locke's Head in Shug Lane, near the Haymarket, and the next bookseller to the Horse Guards. This cannot mean that there was no other book shop between Shug Lane and the Horse Guards, so must refer to a second place of business of Millar's. The north side was pulled down in connection with the opening up of Regent Circus, Piccadilly, and the formation of the Shaftesbury Avenue, and the south side was incorporated with Piccadilly.

Tilers' and Bricklayers' Company. This ancient fraternity received its first Charter of Incorporation from Queen Elizabeth, August 3, 1568. The old hall of the Compuny, No. 52 Leadenhall Street, has been rebuilt and is now known as Sussex Hall.

Tilney Street, MAY FAIR-South Audley Street to Park Lane. Soame Jenyns died here, December 18, 1787.

Tiltyard (The), at WHITEHALL, an open space over against the Banqueting House, and including part of the present Parade in St. James's Park; "a large tiltyard for noblemen and others to exercise themselves in justing, turning, and fighting at barriers."1 Henry VIII. on May-day 1540 held a tournay here to which knights were invited from all parts of Europe, "all comers that would fight against the challengers of England." The festival lasted several days, the knights

1 Stow, p. 168.

on one day jousting on horseback with swords, on another fighting on foot at the barriers; and the whole was wound up by a magnificent banquet given by the King and Queen to all the knights who had taken part in the tourney, and another on the next day to the Lord Mayor and Aldermen and their wives. Here for many years were held the annual exercises in arms in celebration of Queen Elizabeth's birthday. They were commenced by Sir Henry Lee of Ditchley and continued by Clifford, Earl of Cumberland :

On the 17th day of November, anno 1590, this honourable gentleman [Sir Henry Lee] together with the Earl of Cumberland [Clifford], having first performed their service in Armes, presented themselves unto her Highness [Queen Elizabeth] at the foot of the staires under the gallery window in the Tilt Yard at Westminster, where at that time her Maiestie did sit, accompanied with the Viscount Turyn [Turenne], Ambassador of France, many Ladies and the chiefest Nobilitie. Honour, Military and Civill, by Sir William Segar, Norroy, 1602.

In the reign of James I. there was tilting at Court on March 24, 1620, at which Prince Charles distinguished himself by his handsome display and gallant running. "He hurt Lord Montgomery in the arm." "The French Ambassador was absent because he was not allowed the preference of place over the Spanish Ambassador." 1 But to make amends to the French Ambassador, on

January 8, 1621-Four couples ran to tilt to show the French Ambassador that martial pastime. Prince Charles himself ran first with Richard Buckhurst, Earl of Dorset, and broke their staves very successfully. The next couple that ran were the beloved Marquis of Buckingham and Philip Lord Herbert . . . but had very bad success in all the courses they made.—Sir S. D'Ewes's Autobiography, vol. i. p. 166.

In April 1622-The tilting is postponed on account of the King's illness: the Prince [Charles] is disappointed, wishing to make show of a feather he received from his Spanish mistress.-Cal. State Pap., 1619-1623, p. 380.

Falstaff. And now is this Vice's dagger (Justice Shallow) become a squire ; and talks as familiarly of John of Gaunt, as if he had been sworn brother to him; and I'll be sworn he never saw him but once in the Tiltyard, and then he burst his head for crowding among the Marshal's men. I saw it; and told John of Gaunt, he beat his own name, for you might have truss'd him and all his apparel into an eel-skin. Shakespeare, Second Part of Henry IV., Act iii. Sc. 2.

She had a tale how Cupid struck her in love with a great Lord in the Tilt-Yard, but he never saw her; yet she in kindness would needs wear a willow-garland at his wedding.-Beaumont and Fletcher, The Scornful Lady, Act i. Sc. 1.

The best I have seen have been the devices of Tilting whereof many were till of late reserved in the Private Gallery at Whitehall, of Sir Philip Sydney, the Earl of Cumberland, Sir Henry Leigh, the Earl of Essex, with many others; most of which I once collected with intent to publish them, but the charge dissuaded me.— Peacham, The Compleat Gent., ch. xviii. p. 277, ed. 1661.

And then his [Essex's] glorious feather-triumph when he caused two thousand orange-tawny feathers, in despite of Sir Walter Raleigh, to be worn in the Tilt-Yard before her Majestie's own face. -Sir Henry Wotton, Rel. Wott., ed. 1685, p. 190.

Mr. Sage. If it were in my power, every man that drew his sword, unless in the Service, or purely to defend his life, person or goods, from violence (I mean abstracted from all puncto's or whims of honour), should ride the wooden horse in the Tiltyard for such first offence.-The Tatler, No. 39.

1 Cal. State Pap., 1619-1623, pp. 133, 135.

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This predecessor of ours [said Sir Roger de Coverley] you see is dressed after this manner, and his cheeks would be no larger than mine, were he in a hat as I am. He was the last man that won a prize in the Tiltyard (which is now a common street before Whitehall). You see the broken lance that lies there by his right foot; he shivered that lance of his adversary all to pieces. . . . I don't know but it might be exactly where the Coffee House [Man's] is now.— The Spectator, No. 109.

In the 17th century there was a Monk's Head in the Tiltyard, and as late as 1762 there was a tavern there.

Your brother . . . is excessively enamoured of London. . . . He says there is no wit except at the Bedford; no military genius but at George's; no wine but at the Star and Garter; no turbot except at the Tilt-Yard. - Boswell to the Hon. Andrew Erskine, February 16, 1762.

Times Newspaper Office (The). [See Printing House Square.]

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Tin Plate Workers' Company. This fraternity was first incorporated by letters patent of 22 Charles II., December 29, 1670, by the title of the Master, Warden, Assistants and Commonalty of the Art and Mystery of Tin-plate Workers and Wireworkers of the City of London. A livery was first granted them in 1796. They have no hall. The tin-plate workers rank seventy-second of the City Companies.

Titchfield Street (Great), MARYLEBONE-Oxford Street to Carburton Street. Eminent Inhabitants.-Richard Wilson, R.A., the landscape painter, at No. 85, in 1779. P. J. Loutherbourg, R.A., the landscape painter, at No. 45, from 1776 to 1780.1 At No. 76, the house of Joseph Bonomi, A.R.A., died James Barry, the painter and friend of Edmund Burke, February 22, 1806. William Collins, R.A., so favourably known by his English scenes of coast and country life, was born in this street in 1787. William Huntington's (S.S.) first chapel, erected by subscription in this street, was burnt down in 1810, when his followers built him a much more spacious edifice in Gray's Inn Road.

Titchfield Street (Little), GREAT PORTLAND STREET. At No. 4 lived (1779) William Doughty, who engraved so many capital mezzotint portraits after Sir Joshua Reynolds. At No. 9, under the care of a Mrs. Gibson, Lord Nelson's daughter by Lady Hamilton, Horatia Nelson Ward Thompson was brought up. She died Sunday, March 6, 1881, at Beaufort Villa, Woodriding, Pinner, Middlesex, in her 81st year.

Token House Yard, LOTHBURY (north side of the Bank of England) to TELEGRAPH Street, was so called from a mint-house, or office established here for the issue and change of the royal farthing tokens coined under a patent granted in 1635-1636 by Charles I. to Henry Howard, Lord Maltravers and Sir Francis Crane, Knights. It may have been placed here on account of its proximity to Lothbury, where the brassfounders resided, but here was the house and garden of Thomas Howard, Earl of Arundel, the father of Lord Maltravers, who was 1 Royal Academy Catalogues for these years. 2 Burn's Tokens, p. xlvii.

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believed at the time to have an interest in the patent. Token House Yard was built on the site of the Earl of Arundel's ground by Sir William Petty, our earliest writer on Political Economy, and ancestor of the Marquis of Lansdowne. It is mentioned by Hatton, 1708; and Strype, 1720, describes it as "a large place, with well built houses, fit for good inhabitants, especially the row on the east side, which have courtyards with brick walls before them. At the upper end of this yard is a small passage down steps into Bell Alley in Coleman Street Ward."

Passing through Token House Yard in Lothbury, of a sudden a casement violently opened just over my head, and a woman gave three frightful screeches, and then cried, "Oh Death, Death, Death!" in a most inimitable tone, and which struck me with a horror and a chillness in my very blood. There was nobody to be seen in the whole street, neither did any other window open; for people had no curiosity now in any case; nor could any body help one another; so I went on to pass into Bell Alley.-Defoe, Memoirs of the Plague, ed. Brayley, p. 117.

Token House Yard now consists of "well built houses" and offices, mostly occupied by stock and share brokers and solicitors. Observe on the west side the Auction Mart, erected in 1864, from the designs of Mr. S. Clarke, on the removal of the old Auction Mart in Bartholomew Lane. [See Auction Mart.]

Tom's Coffee-house, in BIRCHIN Lane, Cornhill.

After all that has been said of Mr. Garrick, envy must own that he owed his celebrity to his merit; and yet, of that himself seemed so diffident that he practised sundry little but innocent arts to insure the favour of the public. He kept up an interest in the city by appearing, about twice in a winter, at Tom's Coffee House in Cornhill, the usual rendezvous of young merchants at 'Change time; and frequented a club established for the sake of his company in the Queen's Arms Tavern in St. Paul's Church Yard.-Hawkins's Life of Johnson, p. 433.

Tom's Coffee House, May 30th, 1770.-There is such a noise of business and politics in the room that my inaccuracy in writing here is highly excusable. My present profession obliges me to frequent places of the best resort.-Chatterton to his Sister (Dix's Life, p. 275).

It is not, however, certain which was the Tom's Coffee-house that Chatterton felt himself called upon to frequent as a place of the best resort.

Tom's Coffee-house, in DEVEREUX COURT. [See Devereux Court.] There is a letter of Pope's in print, addressed to Fortescue, his "counsel learned in the law," at this coffee-house.1

Tom's Coffee-house, No. 17 RUSSELL STREET, formerly GREATRUSSELL STREET, COVENT CARDEN, stood on the north side overagainst Button's, and was so called after Captain Thomas West, the landlord, who, November 26, 1722, threw himself in a delirium, occasioned by gout, out of a back-window two stories high, and died immediately.2

1 Bowles's Pope, vol. x. p. 206.

2 Historical Register for 1722, p. 52.

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