SPECIMENS OF EXAMINATION PAPERS.

These Papers contain easy questions, intermixed with others of greater difficulty. The object has been to enable candidates moderately acquainted with the subjects to show sufficient knowledge, and at the same time to afford an opportunity for the display of better acquaintance with more difficult questions.

QUESTIONS IN GEOGRAPHY.

To candidates for Clerkships in the CUSTOMS.

1. Name the six northern counties of England, and the twelve counties of Wales, and state what is the capital town in each county.

2. Mention the most important towns on either the Great Northern or Great Western Railway, stating in what counties they are, and for what they are famous respectively.

3. On the accompanying map of England insert the names of the seas, bays, and principal harbours of England; trace the course of the rivers Tyne, Mersey, Trent, and Severn; and mark the position of the counties of Devon, Cardigan, Norfolk, Monmouth, Cheshire, and Cumberland.

4. Name the principal lakes in Ireland and Scotland, and describe their situation as accurately as you can.

5. Describe as minutely as you can the position of the following places: Kertch, Sebastopol, Sweaborg, Shumla, Bomarsund, Kars, Varna, Silistria, Scutari.

6. Where are the following islands, and to whom do they belong respectively: Jamaica, Ceylon, Mauritius, Cuba, Corfu, Malta, Trinidad, St. Helena? 7 Describe the course of four rivers either of France, Germany, or Spain. 8. Which are the highest mountains in Europe? Give approximately the

height of some of them, and of any of the Scotch or English mountains. 9. Name in order the counties which a ship would pass in sailing from Liverpool to Southampton, and state what is the capital town in each county. 10. Mention the most important towns on either the Eastern Counties or the London and North-Western Railway, stating in what counties they arc, and for what they are famous respectively.

11. On the accompanying map of England insert the names of the seas, bays, principal harbours, and headlands of England; mark the position of Cambridge, York, Birmingham, Swansea, Bangor, Keswick, Plinlimmon, the Peak, and the Malvern Hills; and trace the course of one of the main lines of railway from London, marking the most important stations on it.

12. Where are the following islands, and to whom do they belong respectively: Bermuda, Borneo, Isle of France, Van Diemen's Land, Alderney, Sicily, Zante, Hong Kong, Corsica, Arran?

13. On the accompanying map of France place Paris, Havre, Rouen, Marseilles, Bordeaux, Avignon, Lyons, Agincourt, Caen, Pau, and trace the course of the Soane, Loire, and Rhone.

14. State as nearly as you can the greatest length of England, Ireland, and Scotland, the number of square miles, and the population in each according to the last census.

15. Explain as accurately as you can the terms latitude and longitude, and what advantage arises from the use of them.

The same, with the following addition :—

16. On the accompanying map of Ireland insert the names of the places marked * ; trace the course of any four great rivers; and insert the names of the chief bays, harbours, and headlands.

2 hours allowed for Questions 17 to 32.

17. On the accompanying map of England mark London, Dover, Cheltenham, Stafford, Plymouth, Carlisle, Falmouth, Portsmouth, Scarborough, Bristol, Yarmouth, Ingleborough, Manchester, Brighton, Windermere, Lincoln, Chester, Hull, Beachy Head, Great Orme's Head, Portland Bill; trace the course of the Severn, Ouse, Tyne, Trent, and Wye, and insert the names of the counties of which the boundaries are delineated.

18. Name the counties which would be crossed by a straight line drawn from Bristol to Carlisle.

19. Mention any spots in England or Wales celebrated either for beauty of scenery, or for historical associations; and describe minutely any one. 20. Describe any one of the routes from London to Edinburgh; naming the chief towns through which you would pass, and the chief objects of interest in each.

21. Mention the most important colonial possessions of Great Britain, and describe their position.

22. Write a geographical description of any one county of Scotland or Ireland, stating (as accurately as you can) its boundaries, physical features, chief products, and manufactures; its divisions (if any), principal towns and railways.

23. On the accompanying map of France insert the names of the places marked, and of the principal bays, harbours, and headlands.

24. Enumerate the independent states of Europe, and their capital towns. 25. On the accompanying_map of England mark London, Folkestone, Salisbury, Shrewsbury, Harwick, Liverpool, Leamington, Cambridge, Snowdon, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Southampton, Tewkesbury, Dungeness, Whitby, Milford Haven, Skiddaw, Start Point, Holyhead. Trace the course of the Thames, Tees, Avon, Mersey, and Medway; and insert the names of the counties of which the boundaries are delineated. 26. Name the counties which would be crossed by a straight line drawn from

to

27. Mention any towns in England or Wales celebrated for being the birthplaces of eminent men.

28. Describe any one of the principal railways of England; naming the chief towns by which it passes, and the chief objects of interest in each. 29. Mention the most important islands which belong to Great Britain, and describe their position.

30. Write a geographical description of any one county of Scotland or Ireland, stating (as accurately as you can) its boundaries, physical features, chief products and manufactures, its divisions (if any), principal towns and railways.

31. On the accompanying map of France insert the names of the places marked, and of the principal bays, harbours, and headlands.

32. Enumerate the independent states of Europe, and their capital towns.

2 hours allowed for Questions 33 to 40.

33. On the accompanying map of England mark London, Dover, Hull, Norwich, Brighton, Sunderland, Birkenhead, Plymouth, Lancaster, Oxford, Stamford, Cowes, the Menai Straits, Spurn Head, Portland Bill, the Downs. Trace the course of the Severn, Eden, Trent, Exe. Insert the names of the chief bays and headlands, and of the counties, the boundaries of which are traced.

34. Mention the chief rivers, either of Scotland or of Ireland.

Describe the

course of the four largest, stating the counties through which they pass, the chief towns on their banks, and where they flow into the sea. 35. Write down any foreign seaports of importance with which England has commercial dealings; stating the country to which each belongs, and the principal articles of its trade with England; and describing its position as accurately as you can.

36. What railway would a person use in order to travel either from

to

or from

Mention any important towns he would pass in his journey, and the chief objects of interest in each.

37. Which are the most mountainous parts (1) of England, (2) of Scotland, (3) of Ireland?

Give the names and the height, roughly, of the highest mountains. 38. Where are the following places, and to whom do they belong? Describe their position as minutely as you can:-Gibraltar, Sydney, the Mauritius, Delhi, Alexandria, Cape Town, Quebec, Bombay, Copenhagen, Lisbon ?

39. Explain the terms latitude and longitude. Give the latitude and longitude of London, and of any other towns you remember.

40. Write a geographical description of

stating its boundaries, physical features, chief products, and manufactures; its divisions (if any), principal towns, and railways.

2 hours allowed for Questions 41 to 48.

41. On the accompanying map of England, mark Manchester, Bath, Portsmouth, Falmouth, Newhaven, Milford Haven, Alnwick, Berwick, Penrith, Ipswich, Northwich, Swansea, Appleby, Chesterfield, Malvern. Trace the course of the four chief rivers, and insert the names of the leading mountain peaks, bays, and lakes.

42. Describe any one of the principal railways of

mentioning

its branches (if any), the chief towns which are situated on the main line, and the chief objects of interest in each.

43. Mention any towns of Europe with which England has commercial dealings; stating the country to which each belongs, and the principal articles of its trade with England, and describing its position as accurately as you can.

44. In what parts (1) of England, (2) of Scotland, (3) of Ireland, are lakes found? Give the names, and describe the situation of the most remarkable lakes in each country.

45. What is meant by the words isthmus, strait, estuary? Give instances of each.

46. Mention some of the most ancient towns in England, and any places where traces of either the Romans or the Danes are still to be met with.

47. Where are the following places, and to whom do they belong? Describe their position as minutely as you can:-Malta, Melbourne, Jamaica, Odessa, Buenos Ayres, Stockholm, Lucknow, Cuba, Berlin, Trieste. 48. Write a geographical description of

; stating its boundaries, physical features, chief products, and manufactures; its divisions (if any), principal towns and railways.

47. For question 47 substitute

"On the accompanying map of Europe insert the names of the seas, islands, chief bays, and headlands; trace the course of the Loire, Po, Drave, Rhone, Spree, Adige, Dnieper, Guadalquivir; and mark the position of Trieste, Palermo, Rotterdam, Nice, Vienna, Hanover, Pesth, Constantinople, Prague, Gallipoli, Corunna, Genoa, Cape St. Vincent, Athens."

3 hours allowed for Questions 48 to 55.

49. On the accompanying map of England insert the names of the chief bays, headlands, and rivers, and of twelve principal towns.

50. Explain fully the meaning of the following geographical terms:-Peninsula, promontory, sound, estuary, plateau, watershed, delta; and give three instances of each.

51. Mention the chief ports (1) of Europe, (2) of Asia, with which Great Britain trades; and state what is the nature of the trade carried on with each.

52. Give a list of the military posts in Scotland, stating in what county each one is situated.

53. What districts in Scotland are most productive (1) of coal, (2) of iron, (3)

of corn?

54. Enumerate the islands which are adjacent to the coast (1) of England, (2) of Scotland, (3) of Ireland; describing as accurately as you can the situation of each.

55. Describe the position of the following places, stating to whom they belong, . and mentioning any circumstances of interest connected with them :St. Helena, St. Albans, Corfu, Toronto, Salisbury, Copenhagen, Agra, Vienna, Inverary, Singapore, Stirling, Cairo, Killala, Meerut, Hastings, Owhyhee.

56. Write a geographical description of any one country of continental Europe; stating its boundaries, physical features, chief products and manufactures, divisions (if any), principal towns, &c.

To candidates for the CONSTABULARY IN IRELAND.

2 hours allowed.

1. On the accompanying map of Ireland insert the names of the chief bays, headlands, loughs, and rivers, and of twelve principal towns.

2. Explain fully the meaning of the following geographical terms:-Peninsula, promontory, sound, estuary, plateau, watershed, delta; and give three instances of each.

3. Mention the chief ports (1) of Europe, (2) of Asia, with which England or Ireland trades; and state what is the nature of the trade carried on with each.

4. Give a list of the military posts in Ireland, stating in what county each one is situated.

5. What districts in Ireland are most productive (1) of coal, (2) of iron, (3) of copper, (4) of marble?

6. Enumerate the islands which are adjacent to the coast (1) of England, (2) of Scotland, (3) of Ireland; describing as accurately as you can the situation of each.

7. Describe the position of the following places, stating to whom they belong, and mentioning any circumstances of interest connected with them :St. Helena, St. Albans, Corfu, Toronto, Salisbury, Copenhagen, Agra, Vienna, Inverary, Singapore, Stirling, Cairo, Killala, Meerut, Hastings, Owhyhee.

8 Write a geographical description of any one country of continental Europe; stating its boundaries, physical features, chief products, and manufactures, divisions (if any), principal towns, &c.

For the INLAND REVENUE, and all other Offices where Geography is required, with the exception of the Customs.

1. Of what use in geography are the terms latitude and longitude? Define a parallel of latitude. Estimate roughly the latitude and longitude of Calcutta, Mecca, Havannah, Botany Bay.

2. Name the counties

(a) of Ulster.

crossed by the Caledonian Canal.

on the coast between Liverpool and Milford Haven.

Where are the island of Achil, Ben Nevis, Snowdon, Loch Corrib, Windermere; the rivers Arun and Derwent; the towns of Leeds, Paisley, Taunton, Limerick, and Dundee ?

3. What cities in the British Islands have a population of 100,000 and upwards? Specify the principal coal and iron districts, and the chief seats of the cotton, linen, woollen, hardware, and earthenware manufactures.

How many languages are now spoken in the United Kingdom and its coast islands, and in what districts?

4. On a rough outline map of France mark the position of Bordeaux, Marseilles, Bayonne, Paris, Brest, the Loire, the Rhone, the forest of Ardennes, the Jura range.

5. Name the independent sovereigns belonging to the Germanic Confederation. In what part of Germany are the territories formerly belonging to the Elector Palatine and the King of Bohemia?

6. On a rough outline map of India mark the positions of Agra, Lahore, Cape Comorin, the Kistnah, the Godavery, Assam, the Run of Cutch. On which side of the Himalayas are the sources of the Indus, the Ganges, the Brahmapootra?

7. Through what regions do the following rivers flow, and into what seas:Amazon, Yellow River, La Plata, Niger, Lena, Murray, Amoor? 8. Name the loftiest mountain chains of the world, and state approximately their extreme heights. What ranges separate the valley of the Mississippi from the North Atlantic on the one side, and from the Pacific on the other?

9. Describe the positions, actual and relative, of New Guinea, Tahiti, the Sandwich Islands, the Marquesas, Valparaiso, New Zealand; and state the circumstances which promise to render the Sandwich Islands of great commercial importance.

10. Fill up the accompanying map of Europe by tracing the course of the rivers Danube, Rhine, Elbe, and Dnieper, inserting the names of the different seas and the islands which are delineated in them, and of the capitals of the principal European states.