in favor of Grant as the Republican candidate for President, and in so doing feel that we are not simply responding to the wishes of our constituents, or helping to pay a portion of the debt we owe to that great soldier, but are preparing the way to a substantial triumph, which, while perpetuating the Republican party, preserves and perpetuates Republican creeds.

Resolved, That we earnestly call upon the Senate of the United States, sitting as a Court of Impeachment, to proceed without fear, favor, or affection, and that the people of Pennsylvania will stand by and maintain the just judgment of law.

Resolved, That the soldiers and sailors of the Union who fought and conquered armed rebellion in the field, and who stand true to the principles which they vindicated and the flag which floated over them and led them to victory, are entitled to undying gratitude from loyal people; and, as they saved the country by trials, sufferings, and sacrifices, they have considerable claims to the highest honors of the

nation.

Resolved, That we tender our most cordial thanks to Mr. Stanton for the firmness, courage, and patriotism with which he has maintained the majesty of the law and the rights of the people against the invasion of a faithless Executive and purchased instruments; that, as experience is alike the best instructor of man and nations, so the experience of the rebellion has given us renewed confidence in the pledges and precepts of the Declaration of Independence, and that with these as our guiding stars the Republican party must always succeed.

Resolved, That no contrast so eloquent could be presented as that between the loud professions of Andrew Johnson and the silent patriotism of Ulysses S. Grant; that, as one deals in promises to deceive, the other deals in acts that convince; and that, while Johnson has fallen rapidly away from his many voluntary covenants, Grant has accepted equal justice and Radical Republicanism as a part alike of conscience and duty.

Resolved, That the public debt, incurred for the purpose of preserving the existence of the nation, is a sacred obligation, binding the people to its payment in the utmost good faith, and to the full extent of its legal requirements; that the greatest prudence, judgment and skill are requisite, and should, as far as attainable, be employed at once to maintain the public faith and credit, and render the burden, of which no loyal citizen should complain, as light as practicable upon the productive industry of the country and the wages and proceeds of labor; that it is the soundest policy as well as the greatest wisdom that the domestic industry of the country should be sustained and protected against foreign competition by adequate tariff laws, and that, in whatever particulars existing laws on the subject are defective, they should be amended and made efficient for that purpose, as well as for the purpose of raising a revenue for the Gov

ernment.

Resolved, That, by the election of Grant to the Presidency, all domestic dissensions and factious opposition to the complete reconstruction of the Union on the firm foundations laid by the wise and judicious legislation of Congress, will be immediately suppressed, and harmony and good feeling restored; settled relations of business established, and a revival and improvement of all disturbed sources of national wealth and prosperity will be secured, when it is once made manifest that the people of this country are firmly fixed in their determination that the fruits of the late bloody and obstinate struggle shall not be lost, and that factious and rebellious resistance to the laws shall be effectually overthrown, as under military hostility, which attempted to subvert the Government by savage cruelty, rapine, and murder.

Resolved, That Pennsylvania proudly tenders to the loyal people of the Union, Hon. Andrew G. Curtin, her great war Governor and soldiers' friend.

Resolved, That every American citizen, whether by birth or adoption, is entitled to the protection of the nation and its flag, and, while it is incumbent on the Government to initiate negotiations for the establishment of an international law of expatriation, recognizing naturalization by one nation as terminating allegiance due to another, and conferring all rights of citizenship, it is no less its duty to vindicate its people of all charges from oppression or interference at home and abroad, when in the legitimate and peaceful exercise of legal and personal rights.

At the last session of the Legislature the subject of adopting some measure for the prevention of fraudulent voting was brought up and discussed, and a registry law was the final result. This requires the board of aldermen of cities and the corresponding officers in townships to appoint a board of canvassers, who should meet in their respective districts on the first Monday of September in each year, and on that and the two following days "make out an alphabetical list of all such persons as they shall know to be qualified electors, who have voted at any preceding general election." designating in each case whether the voter is a housekeeper or boarder, what his occupation is, and with whom he boards, if not a house keeper. When these lists have been complet ed they are to be publicly posted at two places in each district with a "notice thereon, ths: the board of canvassers will meet at the places of holding the general elections, on the twelfth day preceding the general election day, and for two days then next ensuing, for the perpose of revising, correcting, adding to, and subtracting from, and completing the list." The following is the section of the law prescribing the proof of residence, etc.:

Each person so claiming to be entitled to vote therein, shall produce at least one qualified voter of said division, as a witness of the residence of said claimant in said division for the period of at le ten days next preceding the general election, the next ensuing; which witness shall take and subscribe an affidavit to the facts stated by him; wick affidavit shall define clearly the residence of the person so claiming to be a voter; and the per so claiming the right to be registered, shall als take and subscribe an affidavit stating there he born; that he is a citizen of this Commonwealth of the United States; and, if a naturalized citize shall also present his certificate of naturalization f examination, unless he shall have been a voter such election district for five years then next preced ing the general election next ensuing; that he had resided in this Commonwealth one year, or, if th merly a citizen therein, and has removed therefrom. that he has resided therein six months next prox ing the general election then next following; that he has not moved into the division for the purpose voting therein; that he has not been regarded as a voter elsewhere; which affidavits, both of the claim ant and his witness, shall be preserved by the o

vassers.

of

One copy of the revised list, when thus com pleted, is to be delivered to the board of 29sessors "who shall thereupon immediately sess a tax, according to law, upon every per son whose name is contained on the list, and then deliver the same to the city commissioners, who shall cause a sufficient number of copies

to be printed for the use of the receiver of taxes, one of which they shall deliver to the inspectors of election of the division." The only evidence required that a person has a residence in the election division ten days next preceding the election, shall be the fact that his name is found on this list, "and the reception of the vote of any person not so proved shall constitute a misdemeanor in the election officers as receiving it, and on conviction thereof the election officer so offending shall be subject to a fine not exceeding $500, and imprisonment not exceeding one year, at the discretion of the court."

There was much dissatisfaction felt with this law, on account of the trouble and time which were required of every voter before his vote would be received. It was also claimed that it was unconstitutional, as requiring qualifications of voters not demanded by the Constitution. The provision of that instrument on the subject is expressed in these words:

that has been required and proved may heretofore be proved again-for the fact of registration is conclusive of nothing; it is only its absence which is evidence, and that against the citizen-are such a succession of embarrassments, if nothing more, as to be equivalent in many cases to a denial of the right of the elector altogether-an overthrow of the guaranty I fully subscribe to what was said by the court in the of the constitution, that "elections shall be free." case of Com, vs. Maxwell, 8, Casey, 444; "a law intended to take away or unnecessarily postpone or embarrass the right of election would be set aside as unwarrantable." This principle is affected by any unnecessary embarrassments of the rights of the elector. Nor is the evil distinguishable between the consequences of an act intended to embarrass, and one that does embarrass unnecessarily without intending it. In my judgment, this view, if there was nothing else to complain of, ought to set aside this

act.

It was said also that the requirement of ten days' residence before registration increased the period required by the Constitution before the day of voting, and that naturalized citizens whose papers were received less than ten days before the election would be deprived of the privilege of voting to which they were entitled.

Very soon after the passage of the law, steps were taken to test its validity. Bills in equity were filed in the Supreme Court in Philadelphia, by certain "residents, taxpayers, and qualified voters," of that city, to restrain the aldermen from appointing boards of commissioners and causing the registration of voters to be made in accordance with the provisions of the new law. The question was considered by the full bench of five judges in the early part of July, and a majority gave an opinion adverse to the law, pronouncing the same unconstitutional and void. Chief Justice Thompson pronounced the opinion of the court, and entered at considerable length into the merits of the case. The following passage from his opinion will serve to show the general objections to the law:

The accumulation of affidavits, not oaths merely the attendance on the board of canvassers it may be, day after day, for the act contemplates that there may be required three days to revise the list, in hearing applicants for registration-the necessary applications by the voter to be assessed, which, if made at all, cannot be earlier than in the night time of the last of the ten days after the lists shall have been made out-the subjection to the assessment of a tax to complete the process, whether the voter may have previously thereto been assessed, or even paid his taxes or not, and the knowledge that, after all this, voters will at the polls be subject to be challenged, and all

For several weeks prior to the election, the rapidity with which the naturalization of foreigners was carried on in the city of Philadelphia, led to numerous suspicions of fraud, or negligent examination of applicants in the tribunals charged with issuing naturalization papers. In the Supreme Court, where Judge Sharswood presided, nearly 3,000 persons were naturalized in a single week, and it was said that blank papers, signed by the prothonotary, were issued in large numbers. This matter was brought up for the adjudication of the Court, on a rule that the prothonotary show cause why an attachment should not issue against him for contempt, and Judge Sharswood declared, that there was no evidence of fraud or negligence on the part of that official. Certain certificates found on the person of a drunken man were pronounced forgeries, and the judge intimated his belief that they were placed there for the purpose of giving an opportunity to make charges of fraud and corruption against the tribunals and officials having authority to issue certificates of naturalization. On the day before the election, the question of the legality of the naturalization papers issued for several weeks previously, was brought before Judge Read, who decided that they were illegal, and that any person attempting to vote on the strength of such papers would be liable to arrest, a fine of $1,000, and imprisonment

and the loading of the same was disposed of by auction to Messrs. Fernandez and Echenique. The national debt, on December 31, 1866, amounted to $50,140,621. The army, in 1866, consisted of 16,008 men; the navy consisted of 11 vessels, with 108 guns. In 1868 the Government purchased, in the United States, two monitors, the Oneota and Catawba, which had been built, the one in 1865, and the other in 1866. Their names were changed into Atahualpa and Manco Capac, two celebrated Inca chiefs, noted in the history of Peru for their persistent battling with the Spaniards. The value of imports, in 1866, amounted to about $14,000,000; the exports to $35,766,797. The number of vessels entering the port of Callao, in 1866, was 1,481, of an aggregate tonnage of 998,045; and the number of clearances 1,517, of an aggregate tonnage of 977,688. The statistical report of the shipping of Callao during the year 1868 was as follows:

Among ships from Asia, ten brought 4,266 Asiatic colonists, of 4,732 who embarked at the ports from which they sailed, 466 having died on the voyage, being about a tenth of the whole. On the 22d of July, 315 German colonists arrived from Europe on the Italian bark Valparaiso, and were disembarked in Huacho.

In 1868 the construction of a railroad was begun between Islay and Arequipa. The contract was awarded to Henry Meiggs for the sum of 12,000,000 soles, and the road is to be finished in three years. One clause in the contract binds Meiggs to pay 20,000 soles per month for every month that he is behindhand with the road, the Government paying him the same amount for every month that he gains in the completion of the road.

A concession was also granted to a company in Cerro de Pasco to construct a line of railroad to connect all the different mines with the stamping and crushing mills in the town of Cerro. The road will reduce the former price of conveyance (by mules) to one-hsli, besides securing to the miners a continuation of their labors, which have always been interrupted by the military, either by pressing the laborers above-ground, or seizing the mules for the use of the revolutionists. The road at the close of the year had been begun, and was favorably progressing.

The revolution, which, in December, 1867, broke out against President Prado, was fully successful on the opening of the new year. There were a few more fights in the first days of January, 1868, in all of which the partisans of Prado were defeated. The latter resigned, and, on January 10th, embarked at Callao for Chili. General Canseco acted provisionally President. The election for President and menbers of Congress took place in April. The election for President is indirect, the people choosing electors, who cast their vote in May. Colonel Balta was chosen President by an a most unanimous vote. Congress assembled on the 28th of July, when Colonel Balta was pre claimed President, and entered upon the duties of his office. The remainder of the year was unusually quiet, and not disturbed by any reve lutionary outbreak.

On the 4th of September, the small steamer Napo was dispatched by the Government to seek a passage to Chanchamayo, by ascending the River Ucayali through regions previous

Iquitos, and navigating the Ucayali from its confluence with the Marañon up to its formstion by the Tambo and the Urubamba (772 miles), first ascended the Tambo, and later on the Urubamba, but had to return (January, 1869), the machinery of the Napo not possess ing sufficient power to contend with the current. She was only able to ascend five miles up the Tambo, sixty miles from the fort of Chanchamayo, and thirty-five miles fro the Urubamba. "This expedition," says the E