INTRODUCTION.

The papers included in this number of the Journal of Social Science are about half of the Saratoga papers of 1888. As some misapprehension may exist in regard to the publication of papers by the Association, it may here be said that all papers engaged for the General Meeting of the American Social Science Association are so engaged with the understanding that they may be printed in the Journal of Social Science, if the Council so decide. If, therefore, the writers choose to publish their papers elsewhere (to which the Council offers no objection), it must be with the stipulation that these papers may also be published in the Journal, at the option of the Council as to the time of publication.

A list of all the addresses and papers at the meeting of 1888 is printed on pages vi. and vii. Those belonging to the Departments of Edu

cation and Jurisprudence are withheld until spring.

The papers of the Health Department are here printed in full, except that of Dr. Chapin, of which only an abstract is given; and the discussion is also reported in full.

The papers of the joint meeting of the Finance and Social Economy Departments were those submitted by a special Committee on Provident Institutions in the United States, of which the final organization was the following:

W. L. Trenholm, Washington, D.C., Chairman; F. B. Sanborn, Secretary; John P. Townsend, 59 Broad Street, New York; Edmund J. James, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Gamaliel Bradford, Boston; Joseph Wright, University of Cincinnati; Professor H. C. Adams, Ann Arbor, Mich.; Professor Robert T. Hill, Austin, Tex.; C. C. Jones, Jr., Augusta, Ga.; Rev. H. L. Wayland, Philadelphia; Rev. Oscar C. McCulloch, Indianapolis; Professor J. W. Jenks, Galesburg, Ill.; Hon. Seymour Dexter, Elmira, N.Y.

Mr. GEORGE WALKER, late consul-general at Paris, who had accepted. a place on the committee, died in January, 1888, thereby depriving his associates of the service of a gentleman specially familiar with the subjects investigated. This committee was appointed at the instance of Mr. JOHN P. TOWNSEND, of New York, a well-known authority concerning savings banks and an associate of the International Committee, which proposes to hold a conference at Paris, in July, 1889, to consider the status and result of such institutions throughout the world. The American Committee will continue and complete its reports here submitted, for presentation and preservation at Paris, in July next, and also at the Saratoga meeting of September, 1889.

GENERAL MEETING OF 1888.

The General Meeting of the Association for 1888 was held at Saratoga, N.Y., from the 3d to the 7th of September, inclusive, opening at 8 P.M., September 3, with an address by the President, CARROLL D. WRIGHT, of Boston. The Department of Education met on September 4; the Health Department on September 5; the Department of Jurisprudence on September 6; and the Finance and Social Economy Departments on Friday, September 7. The Election of Officers took place at 8 P.M., Tuesday, September 4. The Order of Business was as follows: :

MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 3.

At 8 P.M. An Address by the President of the Association, CARROLL D. WRIGHT, Esq., on Bureaus of Statistics of Labor, followed by a discussion.

TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 4.

Department of Education.

At 9.30 A.M. An Address by the Chairman, THOMAS WENTWORTH HIGGINSON, Esq., of Cambridge, Mass.

IO A.M. A Paper by JAMES BUCKHAM, of Johns Hopkins University, on The Teaching of Literature in our Colleges.

II A.M. A Paper by Professor D. CADY EATON, of New Haven, Ct., on Modern French Esthetics.

12 o'clock. A Paper by Miss LILIAN WHITING, of the Boston Traveller, on The Art and Ethics of Journalism.

8 P.M. Report of the General Secretary and Election of Officers.

8.30 P.M. A Paper by BRANDER MATTHEWS, of New York, on The Dramatic Outlook in America.

9.30 A.M.

WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 5.
Department of Health.

Remarks by the Chairman of the Department, H. HOLBROOK CURTIS, M.D., of New York, on The Necessity of Additional Requirements for Obtaining a Medical Degree.

IO A.M. Remarks on The Value of a Liberal Education Antecedent to the Study of Medicine, by Rev. SYLVESTER F. SCOVEL, of Wooster University. II A.M. A Paper, How Far can Legislation aid in Maintaining a Proper Standard of Medical Education? by W. A. PURRINGTON, Esq., of New York.

12 M. A Paper on The Working women of New York: Their Health and Occupations, by ELIZABETH STOW BROWN, M.D., of New York.

8 P.M. A Paper on Unsanitary Conditions in Country Homes, by Lucy M. HALL, M.D., of Brooklyn, N.Y.

9 P.M.

A Paper by HENRY DWIGHT CHAPIN, M.D., of New York, on The Struggle for Subsistence: How can it be most efficiently aided?

9.30 A.M. partment.

THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 6.

Department of Jurisprudence.

Address by Professor FRANCIS WAYLAND, Chairman of the De

IO A.M. A Paper by Rev. H. L. WAYLAND, D.D., of Philadelphia, on The State and the Saloon.

II A.M. A Paper, Is Codification of the Law Expedient? by W. B. HORNBLOWER, Esq, of New York.

8 P.M. An Address by Hon. C. C. BONNEY, of Chicago, on The Naturalization Laws and their Enforcement.

9 P.M. A Paper on Current Objections to the Exaction of Economic Rent, by Taxation, considered, by SAMUEL B. CLARKE, Esq., of New York.

9 A.M.

FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 7.

Departments of Finance and Social Economy.

Address by Mr. F. B. SANBORN, Chairman.

9.30 A.M. A Report on Savings Banks in the United States, by JOHN P. TOWNSEND, Esq., of New York.

10.15 A.M. A Report on School Savings Banks, by J. H. THIRY, Esq., of Long Island City, N.Y.

10.45 A.M.

A Report on Life Insurance.

11.30 A.M. Reports on Co-operative Building and Loan Associations, by the Special Committee, by SEYMOUR DEXTER, of Elmira, N.Y., Professor J. W. JENKS, of Galesburg, Ill., and others.

I P.M. Reports on Provident Institutions in the United States, by Professor ROBERT T. HILL, of Austin, Texas, and Rev. Dr. WAYLAND, of Philadelphia.

The usual vote was passed, authorizing the Chairman and Secretary of each Department to revise the list of Department Committees, subject to the approval of the Council at its next quarterly meeting in New York (office of the Treasurer, 54 Wall Street), on the 18th of December, 1888, at 1 P.M. The list of the Committees will not be printed, therefore, until the next number of the Journal.

BUSINESS OF 1888.

As usual, only four of the five Departments of the Association were effectually represented at the General Meetings, the Finance Department having joined with the Social Economy Department in presenting Papers.

It was voted, after the reading of the Reports and Papers prepared by the Special Committee on Provident Institutions, as follows:

Ordered, That the American Social Science Association send as delegates to the World's Congress of Provident Institutions, to be held in Paris July 3-8, 1889, John P. Townsend, Esq., of New York, Rev. John Graham Brooks, of Brockton, Mass., and such other persons as the Special Committee may see fit to appoint from its own members.

Upon motion of Mr. Sanborn, Miss Agnes Lambert, of Milford House, Clapham, Eng., was chosen a Corresponding Member of the Association; and, upon motion of Mr. Townsend, M. A. de Malarce, of Paris, France, was chosen an Honorary and Corresponding Member.

At a previous General Meeting, Lord Hobhouse, of (15 Bruton Street), London, Eng., was chosen an Honorary Member of the Association.

The Constitution as it now stands, and the list of officers elected on the 4th of September, 1888, will be found on the following pages. Certain resolutions passed by the Health Department are printed in its proceedings.

CONSTITUTION AND OFFICERS

OF THE

AMERICAN SOCIAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION.

CONSTITUTION.

I. This Society shall be called the AMERICAN SOCIAL SCIENCE ASSOCI

ATION

II. Its objects shall be classified in five departments: the first, of Education; the second, of Health; the third, of Trade and Finance; the fourth, of Social Economy; the fifth, of Jurisprudence.

III. It shall be administered by a President, as many honorary Vice-Presidents as may be chosen, a Treasurer, a Secretary, and a Council, charged with general supervision; five Department Committees, established by the Council, charged with the supervision of their respective departments; and such Local Committees as may be established by the Council at different points, to serve as branch associations. The Council shall consist of President, Treasurer, and Secretary, the Chairman and Secretary of each Department, and ten Directors, with power to fill vacancies and to make their own By-laws. The President, Vice-Presidents, Treasurer, Chairman, and Secretaries of Departments, and Directors shall be chosen annually by members of the Association, and shall hold office till their successors are chosen. The President, or, in his absence, a Director, shall be Chairman of the Council. The Chairman of the Local Committees shall be chosen at the pleasure of their respective committees. Whenever a Branch Association shall be organized and recognized as such by the Council, its President shall be ex-officio one of the Vice-Presidents of the American Association, and, together with the Secretary and Treasurer, shall be entitled to all the privileges of membership in that Association. And whenever a Local Department shall be organized and recognized as such by the Council, its chairman shall become ex-officio a member of the parent Association. The Chairman and Secretary of each Department, with the consent of the President of the Association, may appoint such special Department Committees as they may think best. The General Secretary shall be elected for three years, unless he resigns or is removed by a two-thirds vote of the members present and voting in a regular meeting of the Council; and out of his compensation he may pay the salary of an Assistant Secretary, who may also be Secretary of one Department.

IV. Any person may become a member by paying five dollars, and may continue a member by paying annually such further sum as may be fixed at the Annual Meeting, not exceeding ten dollars. On payment of one hundred dollars, any person may become a life-member, exempt from assessments. Honorary and corresponding members may be elected, and exempted from the payment of assessments.

V. The Council shall have sole power to call and conduct General Meetings, and to publish the Transactions and other documents of the Association. The Department Committee shall have power to call and conduct Department Meetings.

VI. No amendment of this Constitution shall be made, except at an annual meeting, with public notice of the proposed amendment.